REMAR NGN NCLEX ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ ALREADY
PASSED
ABO Blood Groups
type A is compatible with type A or O
type B is compatible with type B or O
type O is compatible with O+ or O-
type AB is compatible with A, B, or O
Complete Abortion
-no contractions, the body has expelled all the products of pregnancy (blood, tissue, and
embryo)
-bleeding is possible
-dilation: closed, because the uterus no longer has the embryo, fetus, or placenta
- unable to detect amniotic sac
- nursing considerations: monitor mother post-deivery and provide emotional support
Incomplete Abortion
-contractions are possible
- bleeding will occur
-dilation: open, the baby or parts of placenta may still be present
-ruptured amniotic sac
-nursing considerations: mother still needs to pass fetal tissue parts
,Inevitable Abortion
-contractions
-bleeding will occur
-dilation: open, the baby is no longer able to survive
-rupture amniotic sac
-nursing considerations: abortion will eventually occur
Missed Abortion
- no contractions
-also know as Silent Abortion
-small amount of blood is expected, no pain or cramping
-dilation: closed, the body does no detect the fetus has died
- unable to detect if amniotic sac is present or not
- nursing considerations: monitor the mother, medical and surgical treatment (vacuum
aspiration, misoprostol) are both options for the management of missed abortions
Threatened Abortion
-contractions are possible
-bleeding is possible
-dilation: closed, the fetus is still inside the uterus
-amniotic sac is intact
- nursing considerations: fetus is still alive, all measures to save fetus should be
initiated; complete bedrest with no bathroom privileges is expected, monitor mother and
fetus
Acid Reflux (GERD)
- primary symptom: heartburn (pyrosis)
-test to confirm: Barium swallow fluoroscopy
-caused my body malformation of the lower esophageal sphincter
-interventions: eat small frequent meals which creates less hydrochloric acid, remain
upright for 30 min after every meal, avoid acidic foods (OJ, tomatoes), antacids should
be taken 1 hour before or after other medications (can cause constipation)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
, -AIDS is caused by human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)
-transmitted: sexual intercourse, direct contact with infected blood or body fluids such as
semen and breast milk
-symptoms: fever, weight loss, nigh sweats, diarrhea, fatigue
-testing: screening is done first to see if HIV antibodies are present; screening test
called ELISA
- ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; a blood test that uses special enzymes
that attach to blood
- HIV differentiation assay confirms the screening test
-HIV attacks the immune system by destroying T-lymphocytes; the virus rapidly self-
replicates
-T-lymphocytes (CD4 cells) are important because they help the immune system to
recognize and fight pathogens
-the lower the CD4 count, the more damage the virus has done to the body
-normal CD4 count: 500-1500 in health adults, at or above 500 for HIV patients,
anything below 200 means the HIV has progressed to AIDS
- if the CD4 count is less than 200, the patient is at risk for opportunistic infections
-nucleic acid test (NATs): test for the viral load of HIV in the blood
-goal of HIV meds: to interfere with the virus replication inside of the patient
*Most important medication: Zidovudine*
-isolation precautions: universal, all blood should be suspected of HIV
-AIDS isolation precautions: private room, reverse isolation, RN should wear gloves,
goggles, mask when in direct contact with blood or body fluids
-Teaching: clean up body fluids/blood with 10:1 water/bleach ratio, child should get all
immunizations except live ones (MMR, varicella, and oral poliovirus), feed child high
calorie and protein diet, use gloves to change diapers
Acute Renal Failure
-the sudden loss of kidney function to excrete toxins and regulate fluid and electrolytes
-causes: infection, obstruction, shock
-3 phases: oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phase
-oliguric phase: lasts 1-2 weeks, low urine output of less than 400ml per day,
AND VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ ALREADY
PASSED
ABO Blood Groups
type A is compatible with type A or O
type B is compatible with type B or O
type O is compatible with O+ or O-
type AB is compatible with A, B, or O
Complete Abortion
-no contractions, the body has expelled all the products of pregnancy (blood, tissue, and
embryo)
-bleeding is possible
-dilation: closed, because the uterus no longer has the embryo, fetus, or placenta
- unable to detect amniotic sac
- nursing considerations: monitor mother post-deivery and provide emotional support
Incomplete Abortion
-contractions are possible
- bleeding will occur
-dilation: open, the baby or parts of placenta may still be present
-ruptured amniotic sac
-nursing considerations: mother still needs to pass fetal tissue parts
,Inevitable Abortion
-contractions
-bleeding will occur
-dilation: open, the baby is no longer able to survive
-rupture amniotic sac
-nursing considerations: abortion will eventually occur
Missed Abortion
- no contractions
-also know as Silent Abortion
-small amount of blood is expected, no pain or cramping
-dilation: closed, the body does no detect the fetus has died
- unable to detect if amniotic sac is present or not
- nursing considerations: monitor the mother, medical and surgical treatment (vacuum
aspiration, misoprostol) are both options for the management of missed abortions
Threatened Abortion
-contractions are possible
-bleeding is possible
-dilation: closed, the fetus is still inside the uterus
-amniotic sac is intact
- nursing considerations: fetus is still alive, all measures to save fetus should be
initiated; complete bedrest with no bathroom privileges is expected, monitor mother and
fetus
Acid Reflux (GERD)
- primary symptom: heartburn (pyrosis)
-test to confirm: Barium swallow fluoroscopy
-caused my body malformation of the lower esophageal sphincter
-interventions: eat small frequent meals which creates less hydrochloric acid, remain
upright for 30 min after every meal, avoid acidic foods (OJ, tomatoes), antacids should
be taken 1 hour before or after other medications (can cause constipation)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
, -AIDS is caused by human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)
-transmitted: sexual intercourse, direct contact with infected blood or body fluids such as
semen and breast milk
-symptoms: fever, weight loss, nigh sweats, diarrhea, fatigue
-testing: screening is done first to see if HIV antibodies are present; screening test
called ELISA
- ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; a blood test that uses special enzymes
that attach to blood
- HIV differentiation assay confirms the screening test
-HIV attacks the immune system by destroying T-lymphocytes; the virus rapidly self-
replicates
-T-lymphocytes (CD4 cells) are important because they help the immune system to
recognize and fight pathogens
-the lower the CD4 count, the more damage the virus has done to the body
-normal CD4 count: 500-1500 in health adults, at or above 500 for HIV patients,
anything below 200 means the HIV has progressed to AIDS
- if the CD4 count is less than 200, the patient is at risk for opportunistic infections
-nucleic acid test (NATs): test for the viral load of HIV in the blood
-goal of HIV meds: to interfere with the virus replication inside of the patient
*Most important medication: Zidovudine*
-isolation precautions: universal, all blood should be suspected of HIV
-AIDS isolation precautions: private room, reverse isolation, RN should wear gloves,
goggles, mask when in direct contact with blood or body fluids
-Teaching: clean up body fluids/blood with 10:1 water/bleach ratio, child should get all
immunizations except live ones (MMR, varicella, and oral poliovirus), feed child high
calorie and protein diet, use gloves to change diapers
Acute Renal Failure
-the sudden loss of kidney function to excrete toxins and regulate fluid and electrolytes
-causes: infection, obstruction, shock
-3 phases: oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phase
-oliguric phase: lasts 1-2 weeks, low urine output of less than 400ml per day,
