Core Concepts Exam 2
An adaptive response to what the body sees as harmful, such as an allergen, illness, or injury
Inflammation
Increased blood flow to an area
Hyperemia
The accumulation of leukocytes along the inner surface of blood vessels, occurs as part of the
inflammatory response
Margination
The movement of leukocytes through the blood vessels wall into affected tissue spaces in response to
illness or injury
Emigration
An increase in the number of white blood cells in response to infection
Leukocytosis
Redness & heat
Vasodilation
Edema
Vascular permeability
Pus formation
Cellular infiltration
Clot formation
Thrombosis
Pain
Stimulation of nerve endings
Chemical mediators cause blood vessels to to dilate, increasing blood flow to the injured area
Vascular response of inflammation
Dilated blood vessels allow inflow of fluid, leukocytes, & proteins needed to facilitate the
inflammatory reaction in the injured tissue
Cellular response of inflammation
Fluid that has escaped from the leaky blood vessels, dead phagocytic cells, & tissue cells collect in the
area of injury
Exudate production phase of inflammation
, Tissues begin to be repaired by way of regeneration or replacement with fibrous tissue or scar
formation
Reparative phase of inflammation
Good regeneration capacity from repair of tissue
Epithelial cells
Digestive
Respiratory
Bad regeneration capacity of repair to tissue
Nervous tissue
Muscular tissue
Elastic tissue
Chemical mediator that causes dilation of vessels; acts with prostaglandins to cause pain
Bradykinin
Chemical mediators consisting of over 20 proteins that are activated sequentially & are responsible
for dilation, permeability, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, & histamine release
Complement
Chemical mediator stored & released by mast cells which contributes to early vasodilation &
increased capillary permeability
Histamine
Chemical mediator stored & released by mast cells & chemically attracts neutrophils & macrophages
Leukotrienes
Chemical mediator present in most tissues, is stored & released by mast cells & causes vasodilation
Prostaglandins
Leukocytes that detect foreign agents or injury & respond by releasing histamine, thereby activating
the inflammatory process
Mast cells
The most common infection-causing microorganism with several hundred species that can cause
disease in humans
Bacteria
Consist primarily of nucleic acid and therefore must enter living cells to reproduce
Virus
Includes yeast and molds;
Ex. Candida albicans which is considered normal flora in the human vagina
Fungi
An adaptive response to what the body sees as harmful, such as an allergen, illness, or injury
Inflammation
Increased blood flow to an area
Hyperemia
The accumulation of leukocytes along the inner surface of blood vessels, occurs as part of the
inflammatory response
Margination
The movement of leukocytes through the blood vessels wall into affected tissue spaces in response to
illness or injury
Emigration
An increase in the number of white blood cells in response to infection
Leukocytosis
Redness & heat
Vasodilation
Edema
Vascular permeability
Pus formation
Cellular infiltration
Clot formation
Thrombosis
Pain
Stimulation of nerve endings
Chemical mediators cause blood vessels to to dilate, increasing blood flow to the injured area
Vascular response of inflammation
Dilated blood vessels allow inflow of fluid, leukocytes, & proteins needed to facilitate the
inflammatory reaction in the injured tissue
Cellular response of inflammation
Fluid that has escaped from the leaky blood vessels, dead phagocytic cells, & tissue cells collect in the
area of injury
Exudate production phase of inflammation
, Tissues begin to be repaired by way of regeneration or replacement with fibrous tissue or scar
formation
Reparative phase of inflammation
Good regeneration capacity from repair of tissue
Epithelial cells
Digestive
Respiratory
Bad regeneration capacity of repair to tissue
Nervous tissue
Muscular tissue
Elastic tissue
Chemical mediator that causes dilation of vessels; acts with prostaglandins to cause pain
Bradykinin
Chemical mediators consisting of over 20 proteins that are activated sequentially & are responsible
for dilation, permeability, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, & histamine release
Complement
Chemical mediator stored & released by mast cells which contributes to early vasodilation &
increased capillary permeability
Histamine
Chemical mediator stored & released by mast cells & chemically attracts neutrophils & macrophages
Leukotrienes
Chemical mediator present in most tissues, is stored & released by mast cells & causes vasodilation
Prostaglandins
Leukocytes that detect foreign agents or injury & respond by releasing histamine, thereby activating
the inflammatory process
Mast cells
The most common infection-causing microorganism with several hundred species that can cause
disease in humans
Bacteria
Consist primarily of nucleic acid and therefore must enter living cells to reproduce
Virus
Includes yeast and molds;
Ex. Candida albicans which is considered normal flora in the human vagina
Fungi
