Community Acquired Pneumonia Exam
Questions And Answers Graded A+
What are the Most Common Risk Factors associated with Community Acquired Pneumonia?
-Decrease in Mucocillary Transport
-Decrease in Immune Responses
-Increase in Gram (-) Colonization
-Decrease in Cough Reflux/Increase in Risk of Aspiration
How is Mucocillary Transport Decreased?
Smoking
COPD
CF
Viral Infection
Elderly
How are Immune Responses Decreased?
Chronically:
-Ethanol
-Elderly
-Diabetes
-Malnutrition
-HIV/AIDS
-Cancer
Acute:
-Viral Infection
-Hypoxemia
-Pulmonary Edema
-Endotoxin
How is there an Increase in Gram (-) Colonization?
Malnutrition
Chronic Illness
Elderly
Surgery
Smoking
Prolonged Hospital Visit
Antacids/H2 Blockers/PPIs
How is Cough Reflex Decreased and Aspiration Risk Increased?
Ethanol Intoxication
Stroke
Anesthesia
Mental Impairment
What is Typical Presentation of Pneumococcal Pneumonia?
-Young/Middle Aged Pts
Previous Respiratory Infection
Rapid Fever/Chill Onset
Chest Pain
Cough
-Geriatric/Elderly Pts
, *Mental Status Change/Lethargic*
What is the Main Indicator in Lab Findings in Diagnosing Pneumococcal pneumonia?
*Chest X-Ray Revealing Infiltrates*
Sputum Gram Stain
What are examples of Sputum Gram Stains from a Community Acquired Pneumonia infection?
Gram (+) Diplococci - Strep pneumo
Gram (+) Cocci Clusters - Staph pneumo
Gram (-) Coccobacilli - H flu
Gram (-) Bacilli - Kleb pneumo
Anaerobic Pneumo - Foul Smell
Atypical Pneuma - Unremarkable
How is the Severity of Pneumonia Determined?
-Severity Index Determining Place of Therapy
Class I and II - Outpatient
Class III - Brief Inpatient
Class IV - Inpatient
Class V - ICU
-CURB 65 Score Determining Place of Therapy
0-1 Outpatient
2 Inpatient
>3 ICU
How is the CURB 65 Score used?
Maximum Possible Score of 5 with each letter and 65 indicating a positive result or negative result
C - confusion
U - uremia BUN >20
R - respiration rate >30
B - blood pressure <90/60
65 - > 65 y
What are the most common causes of outpatient community acquired pneumonia?
-Strep pneumo
-Atypical pneumo
-H flu
-Chlamydophilia pneumo
What are the most common causes of inpatient community acquired pneumonia?
-Staph pneumo
-Atypical pneumo
-Clostridium pneumo
-H flu
-Legionella
-Aspiration pneumo
What are the most common causes of ICU community acquired pneumonia?
-Staph pneumo
-Staph aureus
Questions And Answers Graded A+
What are the Most Common Risk Factors associated with Community Acquired Pneumonia?
-Decrease in Mucocillary Transport
-Decrease in Immune Responses
-Increase in Gram (-) Colonization
-Decrease in Cough Reflux/Increase in Risk of Aspiration
How is Mucocillary Transport Decreased?
Smoking
COPD
CF
Viral Infection
Elderly
How are Immune Responses Decreased?
Chronically:
-Ethanol
-Elderly
-Diabetes
-Malnutrition
-HIV/AIDS
-Cancer
Acute:
-Viral Infection
-Hypoxemia
-Pulmonary Edema
-Endotoxin
How is there an Increase in Gram (-) Colonization?
Malnutrition
Chronic Illness
Elderly
Surgery
Smoking
Prolonged Hospital Visit
Antacids/H2 Blockers/PPIs
How is Cough Reflex Decreased and Aspiration Risk Increased?
Ethanol Intoxication
Stroke
Anesthesia
Mental Impairment
What is Typical Presentation of Pneumococcal Pneumonia?
-Young/Middle Aged Pts
Previous Respiratory Infection
Rapid Fever/Chill Onset
Chest Pain
Cough
-Geriatric/Elderly Pts
, *Mental Status Change/Lethargic*
What is the Main Indicator in Lab Findings in Diagnosing Pneumococcal pneumonia?
*Chest X-Ray Revealing Infiltrates*
Sputum Gram Stain
What are examples of Sputum Gram Stains from a Community Acquired Pneumonia infection?
Gram (+) Diplococci - Strep pneumo
Gram (+) Cocci Clusters - Staph pneumo
Gram (-) Coccobacilli - H flu
Gram (-) Bacilli - Kleb pneumo
Anaerobic Pneumo - Foul Smell
Atypical Pneuma - Unremarkable
How is the Severity of Pneumonia Determined?
-Severity Index Determining Place of Therapy
Class I and II - Outpatient
Class III - Brief Inpatient
Class IV - Inpatient
Class V - ICU
-CURB 65 Score Determining Place of Therapy
0-1 Outpatient
2 Inpatient
>3 ICU
How is the CURB 65 Score used?
Maximum Possible Score of 5 with each letter and 65 indicating a positive result or negative result
C - confusion
U - uremia BUN >20
R - respiration rate >30
B - blood pressure <90/60
65 - > 65 y
What are the most common causes of outpatient community acquired pneumonia?
-Strep pneumo
-Atypical pneumo
-H flu
-Chlamydophilia pneumo
What are the most common causes of inpatient community acquired pneumonia?
-Staph pneumo
-Atypical pneumo
-Clostridium pneumo
-H flu
-Legionella
-Aspiration pneumo
What are the most common causes of ICU community acquired pneumonia?
-Staph pneumo
-Staph aureus
