Pharm exam 1- 4 galen 100% Verified Solutions

Pharm exam 1- 4 galen The Nursing Process - ANS a research -supported organizational framework for professional nursing practice 5 Steps of nursing process - ANS Assessment Diagnosis Planning Implementation Evaluation The nurse answers a patient's call light and finds the patient sitting up in bed and requesting pain medication. What will the nurse do first? - ANS ACCESS the pt's pain and pain level. (Assessment is ALWAYS 1st) The "Rights" of Medication Administration - ANS Right drug, right dose, right patient, right route, right time, right reason, right documentation A nurse makes an error when administering medications to a patient. Which action by the nurse requires the supervising nurse to intervene? - ANS The nurse records completion of an INCIDENT REPORT in the medical record. Drug definition - ANS any chemical substance that is capable of affecting a physiologic process through a mechanical process Chemical name Generic name Trade name - ANS describes drug's chemical composition & molecular structure name given by the U.S Adopted Names Council registered trademark (company drug name) Prototypical drugs - ANS first drug in a class of drugs Pharmaceutics - ANS HOW we get the drug into our body liquid, capsule, powder, IV, etc. Pharmacokinetics - ANS WHAT the body does to the drug Pharmacodynamics - ANS WHAT the drug does to the body Bioavailability - ANS how much of the drug gets into the bloodstream First pass effect - ANS can be good or bad large first pass= liver will metabolize it to nothing and smaller amount will be bioavailable Transdermal drug Topical drug - ANS -will leach out over time after applied, will get into bloodstream and go EVERYWHERE -apply right where it hurts, reacts LOCALLY half-life - ANS time required for half of a given drug to be removed from the body ex) 100mg - 50mg - 25mg The nurse is giving a medication that has a high first-pass effect. The health care provider has changed the route from PO to IV. What can the nurse expect with the IV dose? - ANS The IV dose will be lower because of the first-pass effect. Route that gives slowest pain relief? - ANS PO When teaching a pregnant woman about the use of drugs during pregnancy, which statement will the nurse include? - ANS Drug transfer to a fetus is most likely to occur during the last trimester of pregnancy. What racial group is predicted to be nearly one in three U.S. residents in 2050? - ANS Hispanic Ethnopharmacology - ANS Body of knowledge for understanding the specific impact of cultural factors on patient drug response race, ethnicity, and culture Pharmacogenomics - ANS study of how genetic traits affect drug response Which of the following statements regarding African Americans' responses to anti hypertensive medication therapy is true? - ANS African Americans respond better to diuretics (water pills) than to beta blockers. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) - ANS safety and ethically drug approval process: pre-clinical testing, clinical studies, investigational drug studies, expedited drug approval Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) - ANS created dietary supplements National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) - ANS ex) mindfulness meditation PLUS hypertension medication Clinical phases of investigational drug studies - ANS Phase I- basic safety study (small group of people) Phase II- ethicacy, does it work for its indication (small group of people) Phase III- is it better than other meds (2 times) (hundreds of people) Phase IV- after drug has been put out, more data is collected (like bad side effects that they didn't realize in past steps)