Community Acquired Pneumonia CAP Exam
With Verified Solutions
CAP is the ___________ infectious ds in the US and the ______________ leading cause of death.
- Most deadly
- 8th
What normally prevents the development of lower respiratory tract infections following aspiration of
oropharyngeal secretions containing bacteria or inhalation of infected aerosols?
Pulmonary defense mechanisms (cough reflex, mucociliary clearance system, immune responses)
CAP occurs when _________________ .
There is a defect in 1 or more of the normal defense mechanisms (cough reflex, mucociliary clearance
system, immune responses) or when a large infectious inoculum or a virulent pathogen overwhelms
the immune response.
What bacterial pathogens cause CAP?
- Streptococcus pneumoniae (most common)
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Moraxella catarrhalis
What pathogen most commonly causes CAP in pts who are immunocompetent?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
What pathogen(s) most commonly causes CAP in pts who have influenza?
Staph. aureus or Strept. pneumoniae
What pathogen(s) most commonly cause CAP in pts w/chronic alcoholism?
Klebsiella pneumoniae
What pathogen(s) most commonly cause CAP in pts who have bronchiectasis or cystic fibrosis, or who
have prolonged hospitalizations?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
What pathogen(s) most commonly cause CAP in pts who have exacerbation of chronic bronchitis?
Moraxella catarrhalis
What pathogen(s) most commonly cause CAP in pts who are elderly, have chronic lung ds, Sickle Cell
ds, immunocompromised disorders, or who are alcoholics or diabetic?
Haemophilus influenzae
What are some common viral causes of CAP?
- Influenza virus
- RSV
- Adenovirus
- Parainfluenza virus
With Verified Solutions
CAP is the ___________ infectious ds in the US and the ______________ leading cause of death.
- Most deadly
- 8th
What normally prevents the development of lower respiratory tract infections following aspiration of
oropharyngeal secretions containing bacteria or inhalation of infected aerosols?
Pulmonary defense mechanisms (cough reflex, mucociliary clearance system, immune responses)
CAP occurs when _________________ .
There is a defect in 1 or more of the normal defense mechanisms (cough reflex, mucociliary clearance
system, immune responses) or when a large infectious inoculum or a virulent pathogen overwhelms
the immune response.
What bacterial pathogens cause CAP?
- Streptococcus pneumoniae (most common)
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Moraxella catarrhalis
What pathogen most commonly causes CAP in pts who are immunocompetent?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
What pathogen(s) most commonly causes CAP in pts who have influenza?
Staph. aureus or Strept. pneumoniae
What pathogen(s) most commonly cause CAP in pts w/chronic alcoholism?
Klebsiella pneumoniae
What pathogen(s) most commonly cause CAP in pts who have bronchiectasis or cystic fibrosis, or who
have prolonged hospitalizations?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
What pathogen(s) most commonly cause CAP in pts who have exacerbation of chronic bronchitis?
Moraxella catarrhalis
What pathogen(s) most commonly cause CAP in pts who are elderly, have chronic lung ds, Sickle Cell
ds, immunocompromised disorders, or who are alcoholics or diabetic?
Haemophilus influenzae
What are some common viral causes of CAP?
- Influenza virus
- RSV
- Adenovirus
- Parainfluenza virus
