Biochemistry Final Exam With Answers
What is a monosaccharide?
The most basic units of carbohydrates. Made of 1 aldehyde and 1 ketone. They are the
simplest form of sugar and are usually colorless, water-soluble, crystalline solids. Some
monosaccharides have a sweet taste. Examples of monosaccharides include glucose
(dextrose), fructose (levulose) and galactose
Nature uses the D or L form of carbohydrates
D
The two kinds of monosaccharides are
Aldoses, Ketoses
The bonds between carbohydrate monomers are called
Glycosidic
Starches are polymers made exclusively from
Glucose
The difference between amylose and amylopectin are
The structure (branched vs linear)
Dietary fiber is
Complex Carbohydrates
Cellulose
Divided into soluble and insoluble
In the 2-compartment model for water in the body, water partitions into
Intracellular and extracellular
In the 3 compartment model for water in the body, the__________ compartment is
further divided into interstitial and plasma compartments
extracellular
Fluid in the blood is classified specifically as _________ fluid
extracellular
In an ideally balanced human system water inputs would equal
Water outputs
, An electrolyte is
a) sugar
b. fat
c. charged molecule
d water
charged molecule
______________ ions account for nearly 90% of the positively charged ions found
in extracellular fluid
Sodium
The hormone aldosterone regulates the concentrations of _______ and ________
in the body.
Potassium ions and sodium ions
_______ is the most common extracelluar cation, while _________ is the most
abundant intracellular cation.
Sodium, potassium
The three most important buffer systems in body fluids include the bicarbonate
buffer system, the ____ buffer system and the protein buffer system.
Phosphate
How is it possible for the rate and depth of breathing to affect hydrogen ion
concentrations in body fluids?
The rate and depth of breathing does not alter hydrogen ion concentration in body
fluids.
What is the normal pH of the blood?
7.35-7.45
What is the most significant plasma buffer?
bicarbonate
Which of these is not a consequence of vomiting?
a. dehydration
b. metabolic acidosis
c. respiratory alkalosis
d. metabolic alkalosis
What is a monosaccharide?
The most basic units of carbohydrates. Made of 1 aldehyde and 1 ketone. They are the
simplest form of sugar and are usually colorless, water-soluble, crystalline solids. Some
monosaccharides have a sweet taste. Examples of monosaccharides include glucose
(dextrose), fructose (levulose) and galactose
Nature uses the D or L form of carbohydrates
D
The two kinds of monosaccharides are
Aldoses, Ketoses
The bonds between carbohydrate monomers are called
Glycosidic
Starches are polymers made exclusively from
Glucose
The difference between amylose and amylopectin are
The structure (branched vs linear)
Dietary fiber is
Complex Carbohydrates
Cellulose
Divided into soluble and insoluble
In the 2-compartment model for water in the body, water partitions into
Intracellular and extracellular
In the 3 compartment model for water in the body, the__________ compartment is
further divided into interstitial and plasma compartments
extracellular
Fluid in the blood is classified specifically as _________ fluid
extracellular
In an ideally balanced human system water inputs would equal
Water outputs
, An electrolyte is
a) sugar
b. fat
c. charged molecule
d water
charged molecule
______________ ions account for nearly 90% of the positively charged ions found
in extracellular fluid
Sodium
The hormone aldosterone regulates the concentrations of _______ and ________
in the body.
Potassium ions and sodium ions
_______ is the most common extracelluar cation, while _________ is the most
abundant intracellular cation.
Sodium, potassium
The three most important buffer systems in body fluids include the bicarbonate
buffer system, the ____ buffer system and the protein buffer system.
Phosphate
How is it possible for the rate and depth of breathing to affect hydrogen ion
concentrations in body fluids?
The rate and depth of breathing does not alter hydrogen ion concentration in body
fluids.
What is the normal pH of the blood?
7.35-7.45
What is the most significant plasma buffer?
bicarbonate
Which of these is not a consequence of vomiting?
a. dehydration
b. metabolic acidosis
c. respiratory alkalosis
d. metabolic alkalosis
