RRT PCT- Exam 3 Questions with 100%
Correct Answers Verified | Updated
2024/2025
when is dialysis needed?
ESRD - kidney function < 15%
-CrCl < 15 mL/min
when does dialysis planning start?
CrCl ~ 20-30 mL/min
dialysis
acts as body's kidney
-removes metabolic waste
-maintains fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance
dialysis indications in CKD
-CrCl < 10-15 mL/min
-uremic symtpoms
-hyperkalemia
-volume overload despite diuretics
-acidosis refractory to tx
-uncontrolled HTN
dialysis indications in AKI
AEIOU
-A: acid/base abnormalities
-E: electrolyte imbalances
-I: intoxication
-O: overload
-U: uremia
most common AKI indications for dialysis
-volume overload
-acidosis
processes in dialysis
thru semi-permeable membrane
-diffusion
-osmosis
-ultrafiltration
-convection
diffusion
movement of solute across semi-permeable membrane from an area of high solute concentration to
area of low solute concentration
what is used in dialysis to facilitate diffusion?
, dialysate fluid
osmosis
movement of water across semi-permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to
area of low water concentration
ultrafiltration
passage of solvent (or water) through a membrane as a consequence of hydrostatic or oncotic
pressure
convection
movement of large and small solutes through a membrane by the force of water (aka solvent drag)
what is used in dialysis to maximize convection?
replacement fluids
dialysis options
-hemodialysis (HD)- 3x/week at center
-peritoneal dialysis (PD)- ambulatory/at home
-continuous renal replacement (CRRT)- ICU/hospital
process of PD
dialysate fluid instilled into peritoneal cavity in stomach via catheter and waste products are drawn
out of blood into dialysis fluid that is removed
--> must replace w/ fresh fluid to maintain volume
access point for PD
indwelling, abdominal catheter (permanent)
advantages of PD
-more hemodynamic stability due to slow filtration rate
-increased independence
-no systemic heparin
-better preservation of residual renal function
disadvantages of PD
risk of peritonitis
-catheter infections
how to diagnose peritonitis?
-labs: WBC in dialysate or culture
-s/sx: abdominal pain, fever, n/v, chills
route to treat peritonitis?
intraperitoneal route- give antibiotics in dialysate
Correct Answers Verified | Updated
2024/2025
when is dialysis needed?
ESRD - kidney function < 15%
-CrCl < 15 mL/min
when does dialysis planning start?
CrCl ~ 20-30 mL/min
dialysis
acts as body's kidney
-removes metabolic waste
-maintains fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance
dialysis indications in CKD
-CrCl < 10-15 mL/min
-uremic symtpoms
-hyperkalemia
-volume overload despite diuretics
-acidosis refractory to tx
-uncontrolled HTN
dialysis indications in AKI
AEIOU
-A: acid/base abnormalities
-E: electrolyte imbalances
-I: intoxication
-O: overload
-U: uremia
most common AKI indications for dialysis
-volume overload
-acidosis
processes in dialysis
thru semi-permeable membrane
-diffusion
-osmosis
-ultrafiltration
-convection
diffusion
movement of solute across semi-permeable membrane from an area of high solute concentration to
area of low solute concentration
what is used in dialysis to facilitate diffusion?
, dialysate fluid
osmosis
movement of water across semi-permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to
area of low water concentration
ultrafiltration
passage of solvent (or water) through a membrane as a consequence of hydrostatic or oncotic
pressure
convection
movement of large and small solutes through a membrane by the force of water (aka solvent drag)
what is used in dialysis to maximize convection?
replacement fluids
dialysis options
-hemodialysis (HD)- 3x/week at center
-peritoneal dialysis (PD)- ambulatory/at home
-continuous renal replacement (CRRT)- ICU/hospital
process of PD
dialysate fluid instilled into peritoneal cavity in stomach via catheter and waste products are drawn
out of blood into dialysis fluid that is removed
--> must replace w/ fresh fluid to maintain volume
access point for PD
indwelling, abdominal catheter (permanent)
advantages of PD
-more hemodynamic stability due to slow filtration rate
-increased independence
-no systemic heparin
-better preservation of residual renal function
disadvantages of PD
risk of peritonitis
-catheter infections
how to diagnose peritonitis?
-labs: WBC in dialysate or culture
-s/sx: abdominal pain, fever, n/v, chills
route to treat peritonitis?
intraperitoneal route- give antibiotics in dialysate
