WGU - D426|A+ Graded Questions with Complete
Answers
Data
Data is numeric, textual, visual or audio information that describes real-world systems.
Analog
Historically, data was mostly analog, encoded as continuous variations on various physical media
digital
today, data is mostly digital, encoded as zeros and ones on electronic and magnetic medai
Database
a collection of data in a structured format
database system
also known as DBMS, is software that reads and writes data in a database. ensures data is secure,
consistent and available at all times
query language
a specialized programming language, designed specifically for database systems.
database application
software that helps business users interact with database systems.
database administrator
responsible for securing the database system against unauthorized users
database designer
determines the format of each data element and the overall database structure.
database programmer
develops computer programs that utilize a database
database user
a consumer of data in a database.
transaction
A group of queries that must be either completed or rejected as a whole
architecture
describes the internal components and the relationship between components.
,query processor
interprets queries, creates a plan to modify the databse or retrieve data, and returns query results to
the application.
query optimization
performed by the query processor to ensure the most efficient instructions are executed on the data.
storage manager
translates the query processor instructions into low-level file-system commands that modify or
retrieve data.
indexes
used by storage manager to quickly locate data
transaction manager
ensures transactions are properly executed
log
a file containing a complete record of all inserts, updates and deletes processed by the database.
catalog / data dictionary
a directory of tables, columns, indexes and other database objects
relational database
stores data in tables, columns, and rows, similar to a spreadsheet
SQL
Stands for structured query language. Includes statements that read and write data, create and delete
tables, and administer the database system.
big data
massive volumes of online data. often poorly structured or missing information.
NoSQL
Newer non-relational systems (Not Only SQL). Optimized for big data.
Open source
Software that anyone can inspect, copy and modify with no licensing fee
query
a command for a database that typically inserts new data, retrieves data, updates data, or deletes
data from a database
CRUD
, The four common queries: Create, Read, Update and Delete
statement
A SQL statement is a database command, such as a query that inserts, that inserts, selects, updates,
or deletes data
INSERT
command that inserts rows into a table
SELECT
command that retrieves data from a table
UPDATE
command that modifies data in a table
DELETE
command that deletes data in a table
CREATE TABLE
command that creates a new table by specifying the table and column names
data type
indicates the format of column values. can b e numeric, textual or complex
database design
specification of database objects such as tables, columns, data types and indexes. also refers to the
process used to develop the specification
analysis
specifies database requirements without regard to a specific database system. develops ERD.
ER diagrams
entities, relationships and attributes are depicted in these diagrams
logical design
implements database requirements in a specific database system. converts the ERD into tables,
columns and keys
key
a column used to identify individual rows of a table.
table diagram
the logical design is is depicted in a ____.
Answers
Data
Data is numeric, textual, visual or audio information that describes real-world systems.
Analog
Historically, data was mostly analog, encoded as continuous variations on various physical media
digital
today, data is mostly digital, encoded as zeros and ones on electronic and magnetic medai
Database
a collection of data in a structured format
database system
also known as DBMS, is software that reads and writes data in a database. ensures data is secure,
consistent and available at all times
query language
a specialized programming language, designed specifically for database systems.
database application
software that helps business users interact with database systems.
database administrator
responsible for securing the database system against unauthorized users
database designer
determines the format of each data element and the overall database structure.
database programmer
develops computer programs that utilize a database
database user
a consumer of data in a database.
transaction
A group of queries that must be either completed or rejected as a whole
architecture
describes the internal components and the relationship between components.
,query processor
interprets queries, creates a plan to modify the databse or retrieve data, and returns query results to
the application.
query optimization
performed by the query processor to ensure the most efficient instructions are executed on the data.
storage manager
translates the query processor instructions into low-level file-system commands that modify or
retrieve data.
indexes
used by storage manager to quickly locate data
transaction manager
ensures transactions are properly executed
log
a file containing a complete record of all inserts, updates and deletes processed by the database.
catalog / data dictionary
a directory of tables, columns, indexes and other database objects
relational database
stores data in tables, columns, and rows, similar to a spreadsheet
SQL
Stands for structured query language. Includes statements that read and write data, create and delete
tables, and administer the database system.
big data
massive volumes of online data. often poorly structured or missing information.
NoSQL
Newer non-relational systems (Not Only SQL). Optimized for big data.
Open source
Software that anyone can inspect, copy and modify with no licensing fee
query
a command for a database that typically inserts new data, retrieves data, updates data, or deletes
data from a database
CRUD
, The four common queries: Create, Read, Update and Delete
statement
A SQL statement is a database command, such as a query that inserts, that inserts, selects, updates,
or deletes data
INSERT
command that inserts rows into a table
SELECT
command that retrieves data from a table
UPDATE
command that modifies data in a table
DELETE
command that deletes data in a table
CREATE TABLE
command that creates a new table by specifying the table and column names
data type
indicates the format of column values. can b e numeric, textual or complex
database design
specification of database objects such as tables, columns, data types and indexes. also refers to the
process used to develop the specification
analysis
specifies database requirements without regard to a specific database system. develops ERD.
ER diagrams
entities, relationships and attributes are depicted in these diagrams
logical design
implements database requirements in a specific database system. converts the ERD into tables,
columns and keys
key
a column used to identify individual rows of a table.
table diagram
the logical design is is depicted in a ____.
