COMPLETE VERIFIED ANSWERS UPDATED
in areas where future excavation is anticipated, it may be advisable to place the
cable at a greater depth. For example, if road grading that will remove 610 mm (24
in) of dirt is planned in a particular area, it would be wiser to initially place the
cable at 1.2 m (4 ft) versus the standard
610 mm (24 in).
True
placing all of the conduits during the initial conduit system installation is
desirable,
if not mandatory.
*True
*False
True
It is not always necessary to build new pathways for cable placement
*True
*False
True
The length of a cable loop from the switch to a customer depends on three
factors
• Resistance of the cable in ohms
• Signaling limits of the telephone and the terminating device switch in ohms
• Pair loading
Outside Plant (OSP)
Telecommunications OSP cabling began with the placement of the first telegraph
system,
Cable Types
• Optical fiber:
- 62.5/125 micrometer (μm) multimode optical fiber (OM1).
,- 50/125 μm multimode optical fiber (OM2, OM3, and OM4).
- Singlemode optical fiber (OS1 and OS2).
• 100-ohm balanced twisted-pair.
• 75-ohm coaxial.
Codes
rules specified by governmental entities
Installation manuals are examples of
Methodology
Support structures:
- MHs).
- (HHs).
- Poles, support strands, and guying information.
The basic types of OSP pathways and spaces are:
• Underground.
• Direct-buried.
• Aerial.
advantage to use optical fiber in backbones campus applications:
• Increased distance.
• Higher bandwidth applications.
• All-dielectric cable.
• Less susceptibility to EMI and lightning.
• No crosstalk.
• No grounding (earthing) requirement for all-dielectric cable.
Optical Fiber Connectors:
• LC
• SC
• ST
How to calculate passive cable system attenuation
Total optical fiber loss
+ Total connector loss
+ Total splice loss
,Calculate link loss budget
System gain - Power penalties
Splice loss values
MM SM
SP type Avr. max. Avr. max.
Fusion 0.05 0.3 0.05 0.3
Mecha 0.10 0.3 0.10 0.3
Ribbon fiber
designs can be single tube or multitube ,the fiber is bound in a flat array
Tight-buffered fibers
have a 900 μm coating applied directly to the optical fiber.
A transition point shall be required for unlisted OSP cable when the termination
point is greater than _________ from the point of entrance and the cable cannot
be installed in a properly rated conduit.
15 m (50 ft)
NEMA
National Electrical Manufacturers Association
Most blown fiber systems publish maximum blowing distances of ____________
without
employing advanced blowing techniques.
1 km (3281 ft)
ITU G.652D
Singlemode, low water, nondispersion-shifted fiber [NDSF]
ITU G.655a and b
Singlemode, nonzero dispersion-shifted fiber (NZDSF)
Cable core design
- Filled
- Dry water block
- Nonfilled
Sheath design
, - Optical power ground wire (OPGW)
- All-dielectric self-supporting (ADSS)
- Dielectric
- Self-supporting
- Armored self-supporting
- Metallic
Oversheath design
- Stainless steel
- Coated steel
- Nothing over sheath
- Self-supporting
Wavelength
- Multimode 850/1300 nm
- Singlemode 1310/1550 nm
- Singlemode, dispersion shifted 1550 nm
optical fiber color-code
Fiber Color
1 Blue
2 Orange
3 Green
4 Brown
5 Slate
6 White
7 Red
8 Black
9 Yellow
10 Violet
11 Rose
12 Aqua
tight-buffered contains both singlemode and
multimode fibers