BUAD 331 UTK EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025 | 100% VERIFIED.

BUAD 331 UTK EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025 | 100% VERIFIED. assemble to order - ANSWER _______________ production involves holding standard parts or sub-assemblies and then allowing customers to specify the desired combination. Dell and Chipotle both use this strategy by allowing customers to choose from a limited set of parts or ingredients and only assembling the finished good once this decision is made make to stock - ANSWER __________ strategies involve using a set process to produce a fixed set of products for which the customer has no options to customize. Examples include most consumer goods bought in retail stores or automobiles purchased from car lots process strategy - ANSWER __________ involves developing a production process that can create the exact product the firm has designed. discrete - ANSWER _________ manufacturing involves the creation of individual products such as a pair of jeans, a mobile phone, or a car. (process designs range from project-based where large, complex items are built as individual units, such as a ship, to assembly lines that make higher volume products such as those consumer goods found in Walmart, Target, and other retailers) process (continuous) - ANSWER ____________ manufacturing involves liquids or gases that undergo continuous processes such as at an oil refinery, a paint manufacturer, or plastic resin plant. project - ANSWER a type of discrete manufacturing with large, customized products or services that are produced one-time based on unique customer requirements. Scheduling can be very complex in these projects. job shop - ANSWER a type of discrete manufacturing that is organized around types of flexible equipment that can manufacture customized products. Daily scheduling can be complex because high customization increases the variability of demand for specific equipment. Another important issue in these processes is grouping machines or departments that are frequently used together closely in order to minimize transportation time. BUAD 331 UTK EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025 | 100% SOLVED batch - ANSWER a type of discrete manufacturing that employs characteristics of job shops and assembly lines to create a smaller set of repeating products in higher volumes using common equipment groupings that allow for customization from batch to batch. assembly line - ANSWER a type of discrete manufacturing that is organized around a group of steps required to make a single or small variety of similar products in high volumes. An important design matter in these types of processes is line balancing, which is breaking up the work required at each process step so that the time required is as even as possible. Lines that are not balanced effectively often result in faster steps waiting on the slowest step (bottleneck) of the process, creating low utilization of non-bottleneck (faster) steps. process analysis - ANSWER __________ is a systematic procedure to document and identify improvement opportunities. Issues such as process capacity (maximum output), cycle time (time to produce one unit), task time (output required to meet customer demand), lead time (time from order to delivery), and bottlenecks (the step constraining the process) are important considerations that should be part of any__________ theoretical capacity (units/year) - ANSWER equipment design rate (units/hour) x 24 hours/day x 365 days/year actual capacity (units/year) - ANSWER equipment design rate (units/hour) x (number planned hours run/day) x (number planned days run/year) actual production (units/year) - ANSWER equipment rate x operating efficiency % x number hours run/day x number days run/year operating efficiency - ANSWER (actual production in units per shift, day, week, month, or year) divided by actual capacity (units per shift, day, month, or year) capacity utilization - ANSWER actual demand/demonstrated capacity discrete - ANSWER The video about Boeing 737 manufacturing is an example of __________ manufacturing values - ANSWER ________ do not shift or change with time. ______ are as important today as they are tomorrow. They depend on the history and culture of the enterprise. _______ do not ebb and flow with the volume of supply and demand. ________ are so important that a business and its people commit to uphold them—and thus require continual leadership oversight. priority - ANSWER A ________ is something that needs to be done in order of importance. _______s are typically short term. ________s change frequently. safety - ANSWER the first and most important value quality - ANSWER A second value is ________. A typical best-practice _________ concept is that everyone in the organization must be dedicated to making 100 percent of product according to specifications and standards. materials, people, information, equipment - ANSWER the four legs of manufacturing core work - ANSWER __________ refers to the activities in a manufacturing operation that comprise the most important value-adding element. Core work is the most critical operation where the best and most talented people are needed. For example, in the manufacturing system of a food supply chain, the core work might be the high-speed baking and packaging operations for best-selling products. These high-speed baking and packaging operations are the critical activities needed to produce products. In contrast, the non-core work might be the slower-speed, lower-technology packaging lines for smaller volume products. (high-performance organization) HPO - ANSWER a ____________ system is the current best practice for people management systems. In high-performance organizations, everyone is focused on business improvement and living the values of the organization. This best practice is easier said than done. proprietary - ANSWER to create a competitive advantage with your equipment/manufacturing processes. industry standard - ANSWER to utilize industry standard and available equipment. Joseph Juran - ANSWER Much of the progress made on quality improvement and control duing the 20th Century was based upon the work of ____________________, including many of the processes that grew into what we know today as lean and six sigma quality programs TPM (total productive maintenance) - ANSWER a system of maintaining and improving supply chain performance through machines, equipment, processes, and employees. The focus is on creating a culture to properly maintain the equipment and processes in their original state. Lean manufacturing - ANSWER _____________ focuses on removing waste from the process, driving out non-value-added work, simplifying the system, and then repeatedly delivering with excellence every day. ______________________ is particularly effective in those organizations that have significant complexity and relatively stable demand. TQM (total quality management) - ANSWER The goal of ______ is to improve quality throughout an organization. These efforts are focused on meeting customer expectations as well as improving cost. statistical process control - ANSWER __________________ is the use of statistical techniques to control a process ISO - ANSWER ______ published a set of standards for management in 1987. _______ provides a certification process for which international companies can apply. Extensive documentation of a firm's quality processes is provided to an independent auditor to certify they meet _____ standards. TOC (theory of constraints) - ANSWER _____ is a management process introduced by Dr. Eli Goldratt in his book entitled The Goal. ______ focuses on identifying a single primary constraint within an operating system and managing it to eliminate its impact on performance. tapering principle - ANSWER ________ holds that transportation costs per unit of freight or weight increase at a decreasing rate with increasing distance traveled Due to economies of scale, it is cheaper per unit to ship large volume (full Vehicle Load - VL - or full Container Load - CL) than small volume shipments. In addition, VL/CL shipments are cheaper than lower volume shipments (Less than Vehicle Load - LVL - or Less than Container Load - LCL) because they do not have to cover the costs of terminal facility operations to "collect" freight from multiple shippers bound for multiple consignees.. Similarly, it is cheaper per unit to ship dense products vs. light products because denser products use space better, assuming that the transportation asset does not "weigh out"—that is, the load doesn't exceed weight limits before it is full, from a cubic volume standpoint. - ANSWER transportation information transportation costs - ANSWER per unit of freight increase at a decreasing rate with increasing volume and/or weight density rail - ANSWER high fixed cost low variable cost ex: bulk food, mining, heavy manufacturing, containerized goods motor - ANSWER low fixed cost medium variable cost ex: consumer goods, medium/light manufacturing water - ANSWER high fixed cost low variable cost ex: bulk food, mining, chemicals, containerized goods air - ANSWER low fixed cost high variable cost ex: high-value goods, rush shipments pipe - ANSWER high fixed cost low variable cost ex: petroleum, chemicals, mineral slurry Service Characteristics - ANSWER Speed—the total time it takes for goods or services to be delivered where customers want them; Availability—the different places products or services can be made available for customers to access; Dependability—the ability to deliver to the required time and place when and where products and services are expected and promised; Load capability—the variety of different types and categories of products that can be moved, considering elements such as overall weight, density, state (solid, liquid, or gas) damageability, ease of handling and stowage; and Flexibility—the variety of origin and destination locations that the mode can service as well as the variety of pickup and delivery times that assets can be scheduled or redirected in the event of changing circumstances. intermodal - ANSWER ___________ transport involves the use of more than one mode of transport for any particular freight movement Malcolm McLean - ANSWER who invented the shipping container? (enables intermodal transportation) common carrier - ANSWER a legal distinction referring to an entity that advertises to the public that it is available for hire to transport all people or property in exchange for a fee contract carrier - ANSWER a company that is paid to transport goods or passengers for other companies or organizations and does not provide services to the general public private carrier - ANSWER transportation assets owned by a private company for the exclusive use of shipping freight for that company non-operating intermediaries - ANSWER companies that do not operate their own transportation assets but provide services to match shippers that need transportation service with companies that have transportation capacity. Examples of these intermediaries include: commodity rate - ANSWER the simplest rate structure and represents a flat rate charged between two points. The rate is a preferred pricing method for railroads, water carriers and pipelines. In most cases the volume of freight being shipped does not impact the rate. per mile rate - ANSWER Trucking companies that have a greater variation in routes usually develop their rates based on distance between delivery points. class rates - ANSWER cover multiple factors that could impact cost structure. LTL trucking companies and airlines tend to use this type of pricing structure. Primary factors considered in developing class rates include space capacity consumed and weight of shipment. Stowability, handling, value, hazardous nature and liability are other factors considered.