NUR 221 Exam 3 Diabetes Pathophysiology
and Management Questions With Verified
Answers
diabetes is a disorder of...
carbohydrate metabolism
insulin deficiency =
type 1 diabetes
resistant to action of insulin =
type 2 diabetes
measure of blood sugar management over 3 months, helps determine hyperglycemia
HbA1c
fasting blood glucose above 126 mmcl/L for 2 separate tests
sustained hyperglycemia
sustained hyperglycemia HbA1c =
6.5%
Three P's of diabetes =
polydipsia, polyphagia, and polyuria
always hungry
polyphagia
why do patients with diabetes experience polyphagia
glucose cannot get into the cells
develops during childhood or adolescence, and symptom onset is relatively abrupt
type 1 diabetes
type 1 diabetes' primary etiology is...
destruction of pancreatic beta cells due to autoimmune process
Most prevalent form of diabetes
Accounts for 90% to 95% of all cases of diabetes
type 2 diabetes
Insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion
Hyperinsulinemia
type 2 diabetes
, too much insulin in the blood because it is not being used
hyperinsulinemia
what does it mean when we say type 2 diabetes is "family associated"?
families tend to eat the same foods and have the same lifestyle
what are the short-term complications of diabetes? (3)
hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia (from treatment)
what are some long-term complications of diabetes?
heart disease, hypertension, hyperglycemia, kidney disease, stroke, and altered lipid metabolism
microvascular damage due to diabetes: (2)
retinopathy and nephropathy
T/F: erectile dysfunction can be caused by high blood sugar
true
hemoglobin A1c
can be used to diagnose diabetes
Tests based on glucose:
-
-
-
- Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) test
- Casual plasma glucose test
- Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
prediabetes is impaired fasting plasma glucose between _____ and _____ mg/dL
100 and 125
what is important with the treatment of diabetes?
tight control of blood glucose levels, also controlling blood pressure and blood lipids
Requires a comprehensive plan
Integrated program of diet, self-monitoring of blood glucose, exercise, and insulin replacement
treatment of type 1 diabetes
indicate which foods have a greater effect on blood sugar
glycemic index
and Management Questions With Verified
Answers
diabetes is a disorder of...
carbohydrate metabolism
insulin deficiency =
type 1 diabetes
resistant to action of insulin =
type 2 diabetes
measure of blood sugar management over 3 months, helps determine hyperglycemia
HbA1c
fasting blood glucose above 126 mmcl/L for 2 separate tests
sustained hyperglycemia
sustained hyperglycemia HbA1c =
6.5%
Three P's of diabetes =
polydipsia, polyphagia, and polyuria
always hungry
polyphagia
why do patients with diabetes experience polyphagia
glucose cannot get into the cells
develops during childhood or adolescence, and symptom onset is relatively abrupt
type 1 diabetes
type 1 diabetes' primary etiology is...
destruction of pancreatic beta cells due to autoimmune process
Most prevalent form of diabetes
Accounts for 90% to 95% of all cases of diabetes
type 2 diabetes
Insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion
Hyperinsulinemia
type 2 diabetes
, too much insulin in the blood because it is not being used
hyperinsulinemia
what does it mean when we say type 2 diabetes is "family associated"?
families tend to eat the same foods and have the same lifestyle
what are the short-term complications of diabetes? (3)
hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia (from treatment)
what are some long-term complications of diabetes?
heart disease, hypertension, hyperglycemia, kidney disease, stroke, and altered lipid metabolism
microvascular damage due to diabetes: (2)
retinopathy and nephropathy
T/F: erectile dysfunction can be caused by high blood sugar
true
hemoglobin A1c
can be used to diagnose diabetes
Tests based on glucose:
-
-
-
- Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) test
- Casual plasma glucose test
- Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
prediabetes is impaired fasting plasma glucose between _____ and _____ mg/dL
100 and 125
what is important with the treatment of diabetes?
tight control of blood glucose levels, also controlling blood pressure and blood lipids
Requires a comprehensive plan
Integrated program of diet, self-monitoring of blood glucose, exercise, and insulin replacement
treatment of type 1 diabetes
indicate which foods have a greater effect on blood sugar
glycemic index
