Phlebotomy Exam Questions with 100%
Correct Answers Verified | Updated
2024/2025
A condition in which the concentration of blood cells is increased in proportion to the plasma.
Hemoconcentration
The destruction of dissolution of red blood cells, with subsequent release of hemoglobin.
Hemolysis
The liquid portion of whole blood that contains active clotting agents.
Plasma
The liquid portion of the whole blood that remains after the blood has clotted.
Serum
A material that appears to be solid until subjected to a disturbance, such as centrifugation,
whereupon it becomes a liquid.
Thixotropic Gel
Venipuncture Equipment
double pointed safety needles, evacuated stopper tubes, needle holder, sharps container, syringes,
winged infusion sets ( butterfly needles ), tourniquet, marking pen, isopropyl alcohol swabs, gauze
pads, bandages, gloves.
Most common way to locate a vein before blood is drawn
Tourniquets and palpation
A plastic or glass sealed vacuum tube used to collect a blood specimen obtained through
venipuncture.
Evacuated Collection Tubes/ Vacutainer
Tube Additives
All tubes except the red-topped one contain an additive. Anticoagulants are added to prevent blood
from clotting, additive may be a powder or liquid visible in the tube or liquid sprayed inside the tube
and allowed to dry.
ADDITIVE AND FUNCTION-->SPS prevents blood from clotting and stabilizes bacterial growth
LABORATORY USE--> Blood and body fluid cultures
5ml <--OPTIMUM VOL
N/A<--MINIMUM volume
Yellow Tube
ADDITIVE AND FUNCTION--> None
LABORATORY USE--> Serum tests; chemistry studies, blood bank, serology.
10ml<-- MINIMUM VOLUME
, N/A<--OPT volume
Red Tube
ADDITIVE AND FUNCTION--> None, but contains silica particles to enhance clot formation
LABORATORY USE--> Serum test
10ml<--OPTIMUM VOLUME
N/A<--MINIMUM volume
Red-Gray (marbled) Tube/ Gold
ADDITIVE AND FUNCTION--> Sodium citrate; removes calcium to prevent blood from clotting
LABORATORY USE--> Coagulation testing
4.5ml <--MINIMUM/OPT VOLUME
Light blue Tube
ADDITIVE AND FUNCTION--> Heparin ( sodium/lithium/ammonium ); inhibits thrombin formation to
prevent clotting.
LABORATORY USE--> Chemistry test
10ml <--OPTIMUM VOL
3.5ml <--MINIMUM VOL
Green Tube
ADDITIVE AND FUNCTION--> Lithium heparin and gel for plasma separation
LABORATORY USE--> Plasma determinations in chemistry studies
2ml<--MINIMUM/OPT VOLUME
Green-gray (marbled) Tube/ Light Green
ADDITIVE AND FUNCTION--> Thrombin
LABORATORY USE--> Stat serum demonstrations in chemistry studies
2ml <--MINIMUM/OPT VOLUME
Yellow-gray (marbled) Tube/ Orange
ADDITIVE AND FUNCTION--> EDTA; removes calcium to prevent blood from clotting
LABORATORY USE--> Hematology tests
7ml <--OPTIMUM VOL
2ml <-- MINIMUM VOL
Lavender Tube
ADDITIVE AND FUNCTION --> Potassium oxalate and sodium fluoride; removes calcium to prevent
blood from clotting; fluoride inhibits glycolysis
LABORATORY USE --> Chemistry testing, especially glucose and alcohol levels
10ml <-- MINIMUM/OPT VOLUME
Gray Tube
ADDITIVE AND FUNCTION--> Sodium heparin (also sodium EDTA) inhibits thrombin formation to
prevent clotting
LABORATORY USE --> Chemistry trace elements
7ml <-- OPTIMUM VOL
Royal Blue Tube
Correct Answers Verified | Updated
2024/2025
A condition in which the concentration of blood cells is increased in proportion to the plasma.
Hemoconcentration
The destruction of dissolution of red blood cells, with subsequent release of hemoglobin.
Hemolysis
The liquid portion of whole blood that contains active clotting agents.
Plasma
The liquid portion of the whole blood that remains after the blood has clotted.
Serum
A material that appears to be solid until subjected to a disturbance, such as centrifugation,
whereupon it becomes a liquid.
Thixotropic Gel
Venipuncture Equipment
double pointed safety needles, evacuated stopper tubes, needle holder, sharps container, syringes,
winged infusion sets ( butterfly needles ), tourniquet, marking pen, isopropyl alcohol swabs, gauze
pads, bandages, gloves.
Most common way to locate a vein before blood is drawn
Tourniquets and palpation
A plastic or glass sealed vacuum tube used to collect a blood specimen obtained through
venipuncture.
Evacuated Collection Tubes/ Vacutainer
Tube Additives
All tubes except the red-topped one contain an additive. Anticoagulants are added to prevent blood
from clotting, additive may be a powder or liquid visible in the tube or liquid sprayed inside the tube
and allowed to dry.
ADDITIVE AND FUNCTION-->SPS prevents blood from clotting and stabilizes bacterial growth
LABORATORY USE--> Blood and body fluid cultures
5ml <--OPTIMUM VOL
N/A<--MINIMUM volume
Yellow Tube
ADDITIVE AND FUNCTION--> None
LABORATORY USE--> Serum tests; chemistry studies, blood bank, serology.
10ml<-- MINIMUM VOLUME
, N/A<--OPT volume
Red Tube
ADDITIVE AND FUNCTION--> None, but contains silica particles to enhance clot formation
LABORATORY USE--> Serum test
10ml<--OPTIMUM VOLUME
N/A<--MINIMUM volume
Red-Gray (marbled) Tube/ Gold
ADDITIVE AND FUNCTION--> Sodium citrate; removes calcium to prevent blood from clotting
LABORATORY USE--> Coagulation testing
4.5ml <--MINIMUM/OPT VOLUME
Light blue Tube
ADDITIVE AND FUNCTION--> Heparin ( sodium/lithium/ammonium ); inhibits thrombin formation to
prevent clotting.
LABORATORY USE--> Chemistry test
10ml <--OPTIMUM VOL
3.5ml <--MINIMUM VOL
Green Tube
ADDITIVE AND FUNCTION--> Lithium heparin and gel for plasma separation
LABORATORY USE--> Plasma determinations in chemistry studies
2ml<--MINIMUM/OPT VOLUME
Green-gray (marbled) Tube/ Light Green
ADDITIVE AND FUNCTION--> Thrombin
LABORATORY USE--> Stat serum demonstrations in chemistry studies
2ml <--MINIMUM/OPT VOLUME
Yellow-gray (marbled) Tube/ Orange
ADDITIVE AND FUNCTION--> EDTA; removes calcium to prevent blood from clotting
LABORATORY USE--> Hematology tests
7ml <--OPTIMUM VOL
2ml <-- MINIMUM VOL
Lavender Tube
ADDITIVE AND FUNCTION --> Potassium oxalate and sodium fluoride; removes calcium to prevent
blood from clotting; fluoride inhibits glycolysis
LABORATORY USE --> Chemistry testing, especially glucose and alcohol levels
10ml <-- MINIMUM/OPT VOLUME
Gray Tube
ADDITIVE AND FUNCTION--> Sodium heparin (also sodium EDTA) inhibits thrombin formation to
prevent clotting
LABORATORY USE --> Chemistry trace elements
7ml <-- OPTIMUM VOL
Royal Blue Tube
