ECPI 2023 - NUR 221 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY - SMITH -
EXAM 1 Questions With Verified Answers 2024/2025
Nosocomial
caused by an infection received in a healthcare environment
Iatrogenic
caused inadvertently by medical treatment
Diagnosis
A label for a disease, based on diagnostic criteria
Prognosis
Prediction of how one will proceed through the disease process, morbidity vs. mortality.
Primary prevention
Prevention of a disease from occurring
Secondary prevention
Early detection of disease by screening
Tertiary prevention
Rehabilitation of a patient to prevent complications or progression of disease.
Symptoms
What the patient comes in and complains about (Subjective)
Signs
What we can measure from the patient (Objective)
Modifiable Risk Factors
Factors contributing to the development of a noncommunicable disease that can be altered by
modifying one's behavior or environment (Smoker can quit smoking)
Non-Modifiable Risk Factors
Factors contributing to the development of a noncommunicable disease that can not be altered (Age,
Family, Genetics)
Morbidity
Refers to ill health in an individual and the levels of ill health in a population or group.
Mortality
, The state of being subject to death
Health
Perceived wholeness of body, mind, and spirit
Illness
A state resulting in suffering or distress
Incidence
The number or rate of new cases of a particular condition during a specific time. (New Cases)
Prevalence
The number of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time. (Total
Cases)
Endemic
disease constantly present in a population
Epidemic
A widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time
Pandemic
Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population
Opportunistic pathogens
Are those that cause disease only in a host with a compromised immune system. Patients with fungal
invasion of tissues are frequently immunocompromised, such as persons with AIDS.
First line of Defense
skin and mucous membranes
Second line of Defense
inflammatory response
Third line of Defense
immune response
Goals of inflammation
Increase blood flow to site
Increase healing cells at site
Prepare for tissue repair
EXAM 1 Questions With Verified Answers 2024/2025
Nosocomial
caused by an infection received in a healthcare environment
Iatrogenic
caused inadvertently by medical treatment
Diagnosis
A label for a disease, based on diagnostic criteria
Prognosis
Prediction of how one will proceed through the disease process, morbidity vs. mortality.
Primary prevention
Prevention of a disease from occurring
Secondary prevention
Early detection of disease by screening
Tertiary prevention
Rehabilitation of a patient to prevent complications or progression of disease.
Symptoms
What the patient comes in and complains about (Subjective)
Signs
What we can measure from the patient (Objective)
Modifiable Risk Factors
Factors contributing to the development of a noncommunicable disease that can be altered by
modifying one's behavior or environment (Smoker can quit smoking)
Non-Modifiable Risk Factors
Factors contributing to the development of a noncommunicable disease that can not be altered (Age,
Family, Genetics)
Morbidity
Refers to ill health in an individual and the levels of ill health in a population or group.
Mortality
, The state of being subject to death
Health
Perceived wholeness of body, mind, and spirit
Illness
A state resulting in suffering or distress
Incidence
The number or rate of new cases of a particular condition during a specific time. (New Cases)
Prevalence
The number of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time. (Total
Cases)
Endemic
disease constantly present in a population
Epidemic
A widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time
Pandemic
Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population
Opportunistic pathogens
Are those that cause disease only in a host with a compromised immune system. Patients with fungal
invasion of tissues are frequently immunocompromised, such as persons with AIDS.
First line of Defense
skin and mucous membranes
Second line of Defense
inflammatory response
Third line of Defense
immune response
Goals of inflammation
Increase blood flow to site
Increase healing cells at site
Prepare for tissue repair
