NBCOT COTA Exam Prep Flash Cards:
Domain 2 Questions and Answers.
Wound Healing: Inflammatory Phase -
\Initial stage of wound healing that includes:
- clot formation
- blood vessel dilation allowing neutrophils and monocytes to initiate debridement and
attach bacteria
- changes in skin color, temperature, pain, swelling and function
Wound Healing: Proliferation Phase -
\Second stage of wound healing that begins by day three after injury; includes:
- wound re-vascularization
- scab formation
- wound re-epitheliazation (new skin layer)
- fibroblasts initiating contraction
- erythema and beginning of scar formation
Wound Healing: Maturation Phase -
\Final phase of wound healing that may continue for months or years that includes:
- collagen remodeling
- scar softens while its tensile strength increases
- erythema lessens
Conduction -
\Transfer of energy between two connected surfaces of contrasting temperatures;
examples include:
- paraffin wax
- cryotherapy
- hot pack
Convection -
\Transfer of energy from a circulating source in contact with a body part; examples
include:
- Fluidotherapy
- whirlpool
Evaporation -
\Physiological response resulting from the topical application of a vapocoolant;
examples include:
- cold spray
- cooling cream
,Hot Pack -
\Superficial, moist heat, conduction modality. Requires taking precautions to prevent:
- overheating of the client
- localized burns to the body part being treated
- discomfort from the weight of the pack
* Recommended for use as an adjunct to other occupation-based interventions *
Fluidotherapy -
\Superficial, dry heat, convection modality that involves inserting a distal extremity into a
thermostatically-controlled machine of circulating particles; typically used for:
- desensitization
- edema and pain reduction
- improving range of motion
* Recommended for use as an adjunct to other occupation-based interventions *
Paraffin Therapy -
\Superficial, conduction, heat modality that involves use of thermostatically controlled,
warmed wax and mineral oil; methods include:
- immersion
- dip immersion
- pouring
* Recommended for use as an adjunct to other occupation-based interventions *
Cryotherapy -
\Superficial, conduction, cold modality that may be used to address:
- spasticity
- pain
- edema
* Recommended for use as an adjunct to other occupation-based interventions *
Electrotherapeutic Physical Agent Modalities -
\Physical agent modalities (PAM) that require essential knowledge of electrical
principles, electrode selection and placement, indications, and contraindications;
example include:
- neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES)
- functional electrical stimulation (FES)
- transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) -
\A type of physical agent modality that provides electrical stimulation to a peripheral
nerve; Potential uses include:
- strengthen a muscle
- increase ROM
- decrease spasms
- manage edema
,* Recommended for use as an adjunct to other occupation-based interventions *
Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) -
\Form of electrotherapy to:
- maintain muscle mass
- gain range of motion
- facilitate voluntary movement
- manage spasticity
* Recommended for use as an adjunct to other occupation-based interventions *
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) -
\Form of electrotherapy used as a component of a comprehensive pain management
program. Techniques of application include:
- subsensory
- sensory
- motor
* Recommended for use as an adjunct to other occupation-based interventions *
Ultrasound (US) -
\Mechanical acoustic modality that uses energy conversion to influence:
- tissue length
- pain
- inflammation
- tissue healing
* Recommended for use as an adjunct to other occupation-based interventions *
Play Space -
\Designated environment designed for children to foster:
- exploration
- play
- socialization
Temperament -
\Behavioral attributes of a personality that influences social interactions in nine areas:
- activity level
- rhythmicity
- approach of withdrawal
- attention span
- threshold of response
- distractibility
- adaptibility
- intensity of response
- quality of mood
Activity Modification -
\Adaptations to activities or tools to:
, - promote a lifestyle change
- facilitate independence
- reduce injury or health-related risk
Activity Pacing -
\Energy conservation technique that includes:
- integrating regular rest breaks into daily activities
- establishing daily habits and routines
- maintaining adequate sleep hygiene
Activity Planning -
\Energy conservation technique that involves looking ahead days, weeks or months to
develop a strategy for organizing and scheduling tasks based on occupational roles,
priorities, task demands and expected energy expenditure levels and include time for
rest and recovery.
Just Right Challenge -
\Top-down task analysis approach that involves identifying client-centered activities that:
- are meaningful and contextually relevant
- provide the greatest opportunity for success
- maintain motivation and arousal
Task Simplification -
\Method of grading activity to allow the capacity of the client to match activity demands;
may involve:
- breaking an activity into smaller parts
- eliminating steps of an activity
- modifying objects used during the activity
Incremental Gradation of Occupation -
\Gradual increase or decrease in activity and/or environmental demands to optimize a
client's performance, typically started from where the client will be successful
Client Education -
\Collaborative client-centered teaching approach used to advise a client on:
- plan of care and goals
- resources
- discharge planning
- home programs
* Includes assessing the ability to carry out health care recommendations *
Automaticity -
\Ability to perform activities using an automatic response or habit; involves less attention
to details of the procedural steps. Intervention strategies may include:
- linking a new activity to an exiting one
- ensuring a consistency in instruction, steps and environment
Domain 2 Questions and Answers.
Wound Healing: Inflammatory Phase -
\Initial stage of wound healing that includes:
- clot formation
- blood vessel dilation allowing neutrophils and monocytes to initiate debridement and
attach bacteria
- changes in skin color, temperature, pain, swelling and function
Wound Healing: Proliferation Phase -
\Second stage of wound healing that begins by day three after injury; includes:
- wound re-vascularization
- scab formation
- wound re-epitheliazation (new skin layer)
- fibroblasts initiating contraction
- erythema and beginning of scar formation
Wound Healing: Maturation Phase -
\Final phase of wound healing that may continue for months or years that includes:
- collagen remodeling
- scar softens while its tensile strength increases
- erythema lessens
Conduction -
\Transfer of energy between two connected surfaces of contrasting temperatures;
examples include:
- paraffin wax
- cryotherapy
- hot pack
Convection -
\Transfer of energy from a circulating source in contact with a body part; examples
include:
- Fluidotherapy
- whirlpool
Evaporation -
\Physiological response resulting from the topical application of a vapocoolant;
examples include:
- cold spray
- cooling cream
,Hot Pack -
\Superficial, moist heat, conduction modality. Requires taking precautions to prevent:
- overheating of the client
- localized burns to the body part being treated
- discomfort from the weight of the pack
* Recommended for use as an adjunct to other occupation-based interventions *
Fluidotherapy -
\Superficial, dry heat, convection modality that involves inserting a distal extremity into a
thermostatically-controlled machine of circulating particles; typically used for:
- desensitization
- edema and pain reduction
- improving range of motion
* Recommended for use as an adjunct to other occupation-based interventions *
Paraffin Therapy -
\Superficial, conduction, heat modality that involves use of thermostatically controlled,
warmed wax and mineral oil; methods include:
- immersion
- dip immersion
- pouring
* Recommended for use as an adjunct to other occupation-based interventions *
Cryotherapy -
\Superficial, conduction, cold modality that may be used to address:
- spasticity
- pain
- edema
* Recommended for use as an adjunct to other occupation-based interventions *
Electrotherapeutic Physical Agent Modalities -
\Physical agent modalities (PAM) that require essential knowledge of electrical
principles, electrode selection and placement, indications, and contraindications;
example include:
- neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES)
- functional electrical stimulation (FES)
- transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) -
\A type of physical agent modality that provides electrical stimulation to a peripheral
nerve; Potential uses include:
- strengthen a muscle
- increase ROM
- decrease spasms
- manage edema
,* Recommended for use as an adjunct to other occupation-based interventions *
Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) -
\Form of electrotherapy to:
- maintain muscle mass
- gain range of motion
- facilitate voluntary movement
- manage spasticity
* Recommended for use as an adjunct to other occupation-based interventions *
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) -
\Form of electrotherapy used as a component of a comprehensive pain management
program. Techniques of application include:
- subsensory
- sensory
- motor
* Recommended for use as an adjunct to other occupation-based interventions *
Ultrasound (US) -
\Mechanical acoustic modality that uses energy conversion to influence:
- tissue length
- pain
- inflammation
- tissue healing
* Recommended for use as an adjunct to other occupation-based interventions *
Play Space -
\Designated environment designed for children to foster:
- exploration
- play
- socialization
Temperament -
\Behavioral attributes of a personality that influences social interactions in nine areas:
- activity level
- rhythmicity
- approach of withdrawal
- attention span
- threshold of response
- distractibility
- adaptibility
- intensity of response
- quality of mood
Activity Modification -
\Adaptations to activities or tools to:
, - promote a lifestyle change
- facilitate independence
- reduce injury or health-related risk
Activity Pacing -
\Energy conservation technique that includes:
- integrating regular rest breaks into daily activities
- establishing daily habits and routines
- maintaining adequate sleep hygiene
Activity Planning -
\Energy conservation technique that involves looking ahead days, weeks or months to
develop a strategy for organizing and scheduling tasks based on occupational roles,
priorities, task demands and expected energy expenditure levels and include time for
rest and recovery.
Just Right Challenge -
\Top-down task analysis approach that involves identifying client-centered activities that:
- are meaningful and contextually relevant
- provide the greatest opportunity for success
- maintain motivation and arousal
Task Simplification -
\Method of grading activity to allow the capacity of the client to match activity demands;
may involve:
- breaking an activity into smaller parts
- eliminating steps of an activity
- modifying objects used during the activity
Incremental Gradation of Occupation -
\Gradual increase or decrease in activity and/or environmental demands to optimize a
client's performance, typically started from where the client will be successful
Client Education -
\Collaborative client-centered teaching approach used to advise a client on:
- plan of care and goals
- resources
- discharge planning
- home programs
* Includes assessing the ability to carry out health care recommendations *
Automaticity -
\Ability to perform activities using an automatic response or habit; involves less attention
to details of the procedural steps. Intervention strategies may include:
- linking a new activity to an exiting one
- ensuring a consistency in instruction, steps and environment
