NR 601 FINAL Exam Questions With
100% Correct Answers 2024
Type 1 diabetes acute presentation - Correct Answer-DKA (30% of people will present)
Type 2 diabetes acute presentation - Correct Answer-HHNS
DKA - Correct Answer-acetone and keytones increase! once treated expect postassium
to drop! have K+ ready
Type 1 & 2 diabetes subacute presentation - Correct Answer-Fatigue, thirst, urination,
weight loss
Most common in type 1
In type 2, it will be more vague symptoms and fatigue
Most common way type two diabetes is diagnosed - Correct Answer-Screening at risk
individuals
Diabetes Mellitus - Correct Answer-insulin is not secreted adequately or tissues are
resistant to its effects
Prediabetes Hgb A1C - Correct Answer-5.7-6.4%
Prediabetes 2 hour gtt - Correct Answer-140-199
Prediabetes fasting - Correct Answer-00-125
Diabetes Random - Correct Answer->=200
Diabetes Fasting - Correct Answer->=126
Diabetes 2hr gtt - Correct Answer->=200
Type 1 diabetes - Correct Answer-immune system attacks the beta cells in the pancreas
to prohibit them from releasing insulin
AUTOIMMUNE DISORDER
Usually presents in childhood
Genetic and environmental trigger
Insulin Deficiency
Type 2 diabetes - Correct Answer-usually presents in adults with HTN and obesity
Cells in the body do not react to the insulin
Genetic Predisposition
, Insulin Resistance/Relative insulin deficiency
Medications that cause diabetes - Correct Answer-Glucocoriticoids
(Given in asthma and Crohn's Disease
dysuria - Correct Answer-subjective experience of painful or burnign on urination
Dysuria Cause - Correct Answer-inflammation
bladder/urethral infection
most common cause is lower UTI
Medications that can cause dysuria - Correct Answer-SSRI
opiates
Scopalamine
Less common causes of dysuris - Correct Answer-Tumors
Renal Failure
Nephrolithiasis
STIs
Heamuturia Diagnostically - Correct Answer-3 RBCs or more per high powered field
Transient Hematuria - Correct Answer-Occurs on one occasion
Persistent - Correct Answer-occurs on two or more occosion
Substances that can mock hematuria - Correct Answer-Beets
Substances that can be related to hematuria - Correct Answer-caffeine, spices,
tomatoes, chocolate, alcholol, citurs, soy sauce
medications that cause hematuria - Correct Answer-Beta-lactam antibiotics,
sulfonamides, NSAIDs, Cipro, allopurinol, tagamet, dilantin
Any hematuria in a male over 50 requires? - Correct Answer-further work up
What indicates hematuria is of renal origin? - Correct Answer-Casts
What does proteinuria mean? - Correct Answer-Typically indicates renal pathology,
specifically glmerular in origin
Mild Transient Proteinuria can result from? - Correct Answer-Fever, CHF, acute
pulmonary edema, head injury, or stroke
Proteinuria will improve as the patient's condition improves
100% Correct Answers 2024
Type 1 diabetes acute presentation - Correct Answer-DKA (30% of people will present)
Type 2 diabetes acute presentation - Correct Answer-HHNS
DKA - Correct Answer-acetone and keytones increase! once treated expect postassium
to drop! have K+ ready
Type 1 & 2 diabetes subacute presentation - Correct Answer-Fatigue, thirst, urination,
weight loss
Most common in type 1
In type 2, it will be more vague symptoms and fatigue
Most common way type two diabetes is diagnosed - Correct Answer-Screening at risk
individuals
Diabetes Mellitus - Correct Answer-insulin is not secreted adequately or tissues are
resistant to its effects
Prediabetes Hgb A1C - Correct Answer-5.7-6.4%
Prediabetes 2 hour gtt - Correct Answer-140-199
Prediabetes fasting - Correct Answer-00-125
Diabetes Random - Correct Answer->=200
Diabetes Fasting - Correct Answer->=126
Diabetes 2hr gtt - Correct Answer->=200
Type 1 diabetes - Correct Answer-immune system attacks the beta cells in the pancreas
to prohibit them from releasing insulin
AUTOIMMUNE DISORDER
Usually presents in childhood
Genetic and environmental trigger
Insulin Deficiency
Type 2 diabetes - Correct Answer-usually presents in adults with HTN and obesity
Cells in the body do not react to the insulin
Genetic Predisposition
, Insulin Resistance/Relative insulin deficiency
Medications that cause diabetes - Correct Answer-Glucocoriticoids
(Given in asthma and Crohn's Disease
dysuria - Correct Answer-subjective experience of painful or burnign on urination
Dysuria Cause - Correct Answer-inflammation
bladder/urethral infection
most common cause is lower UTI
Medications that can cause dysuria - Correct Answer-SSRI
opiates
Scopalamine
Less common causes of dysuris - Correct Answer-Tumors
Renal Failure
Nephrolithiasis
STIs
Heamuturia Diagnostically - Correct Answer-3 RBCs or more per high powered field
Transient Hematuria - Correct Answer-Occurs on one occasion
Persistent - Correct Answer-occurs on two or more occosion
Substances that can mock hematuria - Correct Answer-Beets
Substances that can be related to hematuria - Correct Answer-caffeine, spices,
tomatoes, chocolate, alcholol, citurs, soy sauce
medications that cause hematuria - Correct Answer-Beta-lactam antibiotics,
sulfonamides, NSAIDs, Cipro, allopurinol, tagamet, dilantin
Any hematuria in a male over 50 requires? - Correct Answer-further work up
What indicates hematuria is of renal origin? - Correct Answer-Casts
What does proteinuria mean? - Correct Answer-Typically indicates renal pathology,
specifically glmerular in origin
Mild Transient Proteinuria can result from? - Correct Answer-Fever, CHF, acute
pulmonary edema, head injury, or stroke
Proteinuria will improve as the patient's condition improves
