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RELEAVING PAIN IN AMERICA

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Pain as a Public Health Challenge Pain affects millions of Americans; contributes greatly to national rates of morbidity, mortality, and disability; and is rising in prevalence. Substantial disparities exist in the prevalence, seriousness, and adequate treatment of pain that affect the vulnerable populations of traditional public health concern. Pain exacts enormous costs both economically and in the toll it takes on people’s lives. Analysis performed for the committee revealed that the annual economic cost of chronic pain in the United States is at least 4 $560-635 billion. This estimate combines the incremental cost of health care ($261-300 billion) and the cost of lost productivity ($297-336 billion) attributable to pain. The federal Medicare program bears fully one-fourth of U.S. medical expenditures for pain; in 2008, this amounted to at least $65.3 billion, or 14 percent of all Medicare costs. In total, federal and state programs—including Medicare, Medicaid, the Department of Veterans Affairs, TRICARE, workers’ compensation, and others—paid out $99 billion in 2008 in medical expenditures attributable to pain. Lost tax revenues due to productivity losses compound that expense. Finding 2-1. Pain is a public health problem. Pain is a significant public health problem. Chronic pain alone affects approximately 100 million U.S. adults. Pain reduces quality of life, affects specific population groups disparately, costs society at least $560-635 billion annually (an amount equal to about $2,000 for everyone living in the United States), and can be appropriately addressed through population health-level interventions. Finding 2-2. More consistent data on pain are needed. While it is known that pain affects millions of Americans, the committee acknowledges the lack of consistent 3 The findings and recommendations are numbered according to the chapter of the report in which they appear. Thus, for example, recommendation 2-1 is the first recommendation in Chapter 2. Note that some of the findings and recommendations are presented here in abbreviated form. The full versions are included in the respective chapters. 4 The $560-635 billion range is a conservative estimate because it excludes the cost of pain affecting institutionalized individuals (including nursing home residents and corrections inmates), military personnel, children under age 18, and personal caregivers (such as spouses who miss work while caring for people with pain), as well as the lost productivity of workers younger than 24 and older than 65. The estimate also excludes the emotional cost of pain.

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This PDF is available from The National Academies Press at http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13172



Relieving Pain in America: A Blueprint for Transforming
Prevention, Care, Education, and Research




ISBN
Committee on Advancing Pain Research, Care, and Education; Institute of
978-0-309-25627-8 Medicine
382 pages
6x9
PAPERBACK (2011)




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Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

,Relieving Pain in America: A Blueprint for Transforming Prevention, Care, Education, and Research




Committee on Advancing Pain Research, Care, and Education

Board on Health Sciences Policy




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Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

,Relieving Pain in America: A Blueprint for Transforming Prevention, Care, Education, and Research



of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of
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This study was supported by Contract No. N01-OD-4-2139, Task Order No. 234 between the
National Academy of Sciences and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National
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agencies that provided support for this project.

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Copyright 2011 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

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Suggested citation: IOM (Institute of Medicine). 2011. Relieving Pain in America: A Blueprint for
Transforming Prevention, Care, Education, and Research. Washington, DC: The National
Academies Press.
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—Goethe




Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

, Relieving Pain in America: A Blueprint for Transforming Prevention, Care, Education, and Research




Advising the Nation. Improving Health.



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Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences.

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of Medicine.
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

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