NUR 231 Exam S2 2024 Questions With 100%
Correct Answers
Most drugs are chemically modified in the body. Which organ is the major site of drug metabolism?
A. Stomach
B. Lungs
C. Liver
D. Kidney
C. Liver
Which chemical bond is the weakest?
A. Non-polar covalent bond
B. Ionic bond
C. Polar covalent bond
D. Hydrogen bond
D. Hydrogen
A 55 year-old male with a 30year history of smoking is examined for respiratory disturbance.
Examination of his airway (bronchial) reveals that stratified squamous epithelial cells have replaced
the normal columnar ciliated cells. The type of cellular adaptation is called:
A. Hyperplasia
B. Metaplasia
C. Dysplasia
D. Hypertrophy
B. Metaplasia
The term that best describes the strength of interaction between a drug and its molecular target is:
A. Potency
B. Selectivity
C. Specificity
D. Affinity
D. Affinity
Gradual decrease in the effectiveness of an opioid analgesic given repeatedly over a period is best
defined as?
A. Upregulation
B. Dependence
C. Tolerance
D. Antagonism
C. Tolerance
Ingestion of 20 or more paracetamol tablets (10g) can cause the adverse effect:
A. Hepatotoxicity
B. Gastrointestinal tract disorders
C. Hypertension
D. Neurotoxicity
, A. Hepatotoxicity
Apoptosis is a condition in which cells program themselves to:
A. Age
B. Die
C. Atrophy
D. Regenerate
B. Die
Pain that is felt in a different body part tot he source of the pain is called:
A. Neuropathic pain
B. Referred pain
C. Hyperalgesia
D. Psychogenic pain
B. Referred pain
A 20-year-old male was brought in tot he ED for severe burns. He requested something for the
excruciating pain he was experiencing. Blocking which of the following neurotransmitters would
reduce his pain?
A. Enkephalin
B. Acetylcholine
C. Dopamine
D Substance P
A. Substance P
Which division of the nervous system controls heart rate?
A. Sensory
B. Somatic
C. Autonomic
D. Afferent
C. Autonomic
A patient who has diarrhoea receives a hypertonic saline solution intravenously to replace the sodium
and chloride lost in the stool. What effect will this fluid replacement have on cells?
A. Cells will shrink
B. Cells will swell or burst
C. Cells will become hydrated
D. Cells will divide
A. Cells will shrink
A 75-year-old female with Alzheimer's disease has increased lipid peroxidation secondary to free-
radical production. Lipid peroxidation results in:
A. Organelle membrane reconstruction
B. Increased lipid transportation
C. Cell membrane damage
Correct Answers
Most drugs are chemically modified in the body. Which organ is the major site of drug metabolism?
A. Stomach
B. Lungs
C. Liver
D. Kidney
C. Liver
Which chemical bond is the weakest?
A. Non-polar covalent bond
B. Ionic bond
C. Polar covalent bond
D. Hydrogen bond
D. Hydrogen
A 55 year-old male with a 30year history of smoking is examined for respiratory disturbance.
Examination of his airway (bronchial) reveals that stratified squamous epithelial cells have replaced
the normal columnar ciliated cells. The type of cellular adaptation is called:
A. Hyperplasia
B. Metaplasia
C. Dysplasia
D. Hypertrophy
B. Metaplasia
The term that best describes the strength of interaction between a drug and its molecular target is:
A. Potency
B. Selectivity
C. Specificity
D. Affinity
D. Affinity
Gradual decrease in the effectiveness of an opioid analgesic given repeatedly over a period is best
defined as?
A. Upregulation
B. Dependence
C. Tolerance
D. Antagonism
C. Tolerance
Ingestion of 20 or more paracetamol tablets (10g) can cause the adverse effect:
A. Hepatotoxicity
B. Gastrointestinal tract disorders
C. Hypertension
D. Neurotoxicity
, A. Hepatotoxicity
Apoptosis is a condition in which cells program themselves to:
A. Age
B. Die
C. Atrophy
D. Regenerate
B. Die
Pain that is felt in a different body part tot he source of the pain is called:
A. Neuropathic pain
B. Referred pain
C. Hyperalgesia
D. Psychogenic pain
B. Referred pain
A 20-year-old male was brought in tot he ED for severe burns. He requested something for the
excruciating pain he was experiencing. Blocking which of the following neurotransmitters would
reduce his pain?
A. Enkephalin
B. Acetylcholine
C. Dopamine
D Substance P
A. Substance P
Which division of the nervous system controls heart rate?
A. Sensory
B. Somatic
C. Autonomic
D. Afferent
C. Autonomic
A patient who has diarrhoea receives a hypertonic saline solution intravenously to replace the sodium
and chloride lost in the stool. What effect will this fluid replacement have on cells?
A. Cells will shrink
B. Cells will swell or burst
C. Cells will become hydrated
D. Cells will divide
A. Cells will shrink
A 75-year-old female with Alzheimer's disease has increased lipid peroxidation secondary to free-
radical production. Lipid peroxidation results in:
A. Organelle membrane reconstruction
B. Increased lipid transportation
C. Cell membrane damage
