NURS 231 Pathophysiology Exam Questions With Verified
Answers
Explain the challenges of diagnosing autoimmune disorders.
Diagnosing is made by history, physical, and serological findings. Since some blood
tests are more genetic, results can be imprecise. Markers can be elevated in the
presence of other diseases. Criteria for diagnosis: evidence of an autoimmune reaction,
immunological findings are not second to other conditions, and no other causes are
found.
Which type of immunity is characterized by the development of a specific
response to an antigen?
A. Innate immunity
-> B. Adaptive immunity
C. Autoimmunity
D. Active immunity
What allows the lymphocyte to differentiate between self and foreign molecules?
A. Antigen presenting cells
B. Regulatory cells
-> C. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule
D. Effector cells
T lymphocytes produce what type of immunity?
Cell-mediated
Which immunoglobulin passes immune factors from the mother to the fetus?
A. IgM
B. IgA
-> C. IgG
D. IgD
E. IgE
Which cell type is an early responder and the most abundant in the body?
A. Lymphocytes
B. Eosinophils
C. Basophils
-> D. Neutrophils
Which is NOT a finding consistent with Graves' disease?
A. Exophthalmos
-> B. Hypothyroidism
C. Hyperthyroidism
D. Goiter
E. Corneal ulceration
A 9-year-old boy with a peanut allergy was exposed to peanuts. He presents to
the emergency room with an anaphylactic reaction. (1) What symptoms might he
present with? (2) Does the quantity of exposure mean he will have a more severe
reaction? (3) What is the initial immediate treatment? (4) What are 2 things people
with anaphylaxis should always carry?
Answers
Explain the challenges of diagnosing autoimmune disorders.
Diagnosing is made by history, physical, and serological findings. Since some blood
tests are more genetic, results can be imprecise. Markers can be elevated in the
presence of other diseases. Criteria for diagnosis: evidence of an autoimmune reaction,
immunological findings are not second to other conditions, and no other causes are
found.
Which type of immunity is characterized by the development of a specific
response to an antigen?
A. Innate immunity
-> B. Adaptive immunity
C. Autoimmunity
D. Active immunity
What allows the lymphocyte to differentiate between self and foreign molecules?
A. Antigen presenting cells
B. Regulatory cells
-> C. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule
D. Effector cells
T lymphocytes produce what type of immunity?
Cell-mediated
Which immunoglobulin passes immune factors from the mother to the fetus?
A. IgM
B. IgA
-> C. IgG
D. IgD
E. IgE
Which cell type is an early responder and the most abundant in the body?
A. Lymphocytes
B. Eosinophils
C. Basophils
-> D. Neutrophils
Which is NOT a finding consistent with Graves' disease?
A. Exophthalmos
-> B. Hypothyroidism
C. Hyperthyroidism
D. Goiter
E. Corneal ulceration
A 9-year-old boy with a peanut allergy was exposed to peanuts. He presents to
the emergency room with an anaphylactic reaction. (1) What symptoms might he
present with? (2) Does the quantity of exposure mean he will have a more severe
reaction? (3) What is the initial immediate treatment? (4) What are 2 things people
with anaphylaxis should always carry?
