Phil 347 Week 3 Checkpoint Complete Exam Questions
And Answers Graded A+
According to the text, how do the views of stronger, more developed critical
thinkers toward authority differ from those in earlier stages of cognitive
development?
According to the text, the stronger, more developed critical thinkers are skeptical and
will not believe an authority figure unless they've done their research. They know that
the word "authority" is ambiguous and has two meanings, which can confuse. More
advanced critical thinkers view authority as someone who offers expertise.
Briefly, in your own words, state how the text defines "expert."
someone who has thoroughly learned a subject and is also experienced in the subject
or field.
When presented with a claim unsupported by reasons (for example, "the health
risks of vaping have been underestimated"), what three options does a critical
thinker have to evaluate such a claim?
Evaluating the substance
Evaluating the source
Obtaining an independent verification
Is the following statement true or untrue? Explain your answer. "If a claim cannot
be confirmed by an independent investigation, then it must be false."
Just because a claim can't be confirmed independently doesn't automatically make it
false; it could still be true but just unverified.
Is the following statement true or untrue? Explain your answer. "If we do not
believe that a claim is true, then we must believe that the claim is false.
This statement is untrue. The reason for this is simple, if we think the claim is not true
we can still research the claim and find out it is true.
what four conditions must an argument meet if we are to accept its worthiness
and reasonableness of its conclusion?
arguable claim or premise, use of evidence and facts, a warrant, and qualifications.
In an argument with two or more independent reasons, if one of those reasons
turns out to be false, how does a critical thinker apply the test of logical strength
to the argument? Should the critical thinker reject such an argument? Explain
your answer.
A critical thinker should not reject an argument with two or more independent reasons,
even if one of those reasons is false.
Erwin is charged with statutory rape, which is defined as a having sex with a
minor, a person under the age of 18. Erwin argues: "You can't arrest me just
because she's 17 and I'm 21. Yes, we had sex, but it was consensual, plus she will
be 18 in two weeks, and we are planning to get married." Which of the four tests
of worthiness does Erwin's argument fail? Explain your answer.
Erwin's argument fails the test of relevance. Even though the sex may have been
consensual and the girl will be 18 in 2 weeks, it does not free him of the charges. The
law states that statutory rape is have sex with someone under the age of 18 which is
what he did.
And Answers Graded A+
According to the text, how do the views of stronger, more developed critical
thinkers toward authority differ from those in earlier stages of cognitive
development?
According to the text, the stronger, more developed critical thinkers are skeptical and
will not believe an authority figure unless they've done their research. They know that
the word "authority" is ambiguous and has two meanings, which can confuse. More
advanced critical thinkers view authority as someone who offers expertise.
Briefly, in your own words, state how the text defines "expert."
someone who has thoroughly learned a subject and is also experienced in the subject
or field.
When presented with a claim unsupported by reasons (for example, "the health
risks of vaping have been underestimated"), what three options does a critical
thinker have to evaluate such a claim?
Evaluating the substance
Evaluating the source
Obtaining an independent verification
Is the following statement true or untrue? Explain your answer. "If a claim cannot
be confirmed by an independent investigation, then it must be false."
Just because a claim can't be confirmed independently doesn't automatically make it
false; it could still be true but just unverified.
Is the following statement true or untrue? Explain your answer. "If we do not
believe that a claim is true, then we must believe that the claim is false.
This statement is untrue. The reason for this is simple, if we think the claim is not true
we can still research the claim and find out it is true.
what four conditions must an argument meet if we are to accept its worthiness
and reasonableness of its conclusion?
arguable claim or premise, use of evidence and facts, a warrant, and qualifications.
In an argument with two or more independent reasons, if one of those reasons
turns out to be false, how does a critical thinker apply the test of logical strength
to the argument? Should the critical thinker reject such an argument? Explain
your answer.
A critical thinker should not reject an argument with two or more independent reasons,
even if one of those reasons is false.
Erwin is charged with statutory rape, which is defined as a having sex with a
minor, a person under the age of 18. Erwin argues: "You can't arrest me just
because she's 17 and I'm 21. Yes, we had sex, but it was consensual, plus she will
be 18 in two weeks, and we are planning to get married." Which of the four tests
of worthiness does Erwin's argument fail? Explain your answer.
Erwin's argument fails the test of relevance. Even though the sex may have been
consensual and the girl will be 18 in 2 weeks, it does not free him of the charges. The
law states that statutory rape is have sex with someone under the age of 18 which is
what he did.
