TExES Physical Education EC-12 158
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Stages of Motor Learning
Stage 1 - ✔✔Children progress from simple reflexes to basic movements
such as sitting, crawling, creeping, standing, and walking.
Stages of Motor Learning
Stage 2 - ✔✔Children learn more complex motor patterns including
running, climbing, jumping, balancing, catching, and throwing.
Stages of Motor Learning
Stage 3 - ✔✔During late childhood, children learn more specific movement
skills. In addition, the basic motor patterns learned in Stage 2 become more
fluid and automatic.
Stages of Motor Learning
,Stage 4 - ✔✔During adolescence, children continue to develop general
and specific motor skills and master specialized movements. At this point,
factors including practice, motivation, and talent begin to affect the level of
further development.
Practice - ✔✔Frequent, structured practice of motor skills enhances skill
development in children.
Positive Feedback - ✔✔When a skill is learned it goes into short term
memory and receives positive feedback. The skill may eventually go into
their long-term memory, creating memory that is more permanent.
Encourage the performer and helps in making the performer remember
every aspect of the performance.
Intrinsic Feedback - ✔✔Information received by the athlete as a direct
result of producing a movement through the kinesthetic senses- e.g. feeling
from muscles, joints, and balance.
Extrinsic Feedback - ✔✔Information not inherent in the movement itself
but which improves intrinsic feedback (this is also known as augmented
feedback).
_____ feedback enables the athlete to establish a kinesthetic reference for
the correct movement. - ✔✔Extrinsic
, Self-Assessment - ✔✔Powerful tool in motor skill development. Requires
students to assess their own skills and abilities encourages students to
reflect upon their current skill level and take control of the development
process.
Many physical education instructors believe that _____ learning is the most
effective method of learning motor skills. - ✔✔Observational Learning
_____ observation of proper skill performance by an instructor or peer is
generally more effective in promoting skill development than verbal
instructions. - ✔✔Visual
Perceptual- motor development - ✔✔One's ability to receive, interpret, and
respond successfully to sensory signals coming from the environment.
Adolescents with _______ motor coordination problems are at risk for poor
school performance, low self-esteem, and inadequate physical activity
participation. - ✔✔Perceptual
Body Awareness - ✔✔Is a person's understanding of his or her own body
parts and their capability of movement.
Spacial Awareness - ✔✔Is the ability to make decisions about an object's
positional changes in space. (awareness of three-dimensional space
position changes)
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Stages of Motor Learning
Stage 1 - ✔✔Children progress from simple reflexes to basic movements
such as sitting, crawling, creeping, standing, and walking.
Stages of Motor Learning
Stage 2 - ✔✔Children learn more complex motor patterns including
running, climbing, jumping, balancing, catching, and throwing.
Stages of Motor Learning
Stage 3 - ✔✔During late childhood, children learn more specific movement
skills. In addition, the basic motor patterns learned in Stage 2 become more
fluid and automatic.
Stages of Motor Learning
,Stage 4 - ✔✔During adolescence, children continue to develop general
and specific motor skills and master specialized movements. At this point,
factors including practice, motivation, and talent begin to affect the level of
further development.
Practice - ✔✔Frequent, structured practice of motor skills enhances skill
development in children.
Positive Feedback - ✔✔When a skill is learned it goes into short term
memory and receives positive feedback. The skill may eventually go into
their long-term memory, creating memory that is more permanent.
Encourage the performer and helps in making the performer remember
every aspect of the performance.
Intrinsic Feedback - ✔✔Information received by the athlete as a direct
result of producing a movement through the kinesthetic senses- e.g. feeling
from muscles, joints, and balance.
Extrinsic Feedback - ✔✔Information not inherent in the movement itself
but which improves intrinsic feedback (this is also known as augmented
feedback).
_____ feedback enables the athlete to establish a kinesthetic reference for
the correct movement. - ✔✔Extrinsic
, Self-Assessment - ✔✔Powerful tool in motor skill development. Requires
students to assess their own skills and abilities encourages students to
reflect upon their current skill level and take control of the development
process.
Many physical education instructors believe that _____ learning is the most
effective method of learning motor skills. - ✔✔Observational Learning
_____ observation of proper skill performance by an instructor or peer is
generally more effective in promoting skill development than verbal
instructions. - ✔✔Visual
Perceptual- motor development - ✔✔One's ability to receive, interpret, and
respond successfully to sensory signals coming from the environment.
Adolescents with _______ motor coordination problems are at risk for poor
school performance, low self-esteem, and inadequate physical activity
participation. - ✔✔Perceptual
Body Awareness - ✔✔Is a person's understanding of his or her own body
parts and their capability of movement.
Spacial Awareness - ✔✔Is the ability to make decisions about an object's
positional changes in space. (awareness of three-dimensional space
position changes)
