AND VERIFIED ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2024
GRADE A+
What is clinical judgement?
observing, comparing, contrasting, and evaluating the clients condition
What is critical thinking?
involves collecting and analyzing information and carefully considering options for action
What is problem solving?
considering an issue and attempting to find a satisfactory solution
What are the 5 stages of nursing?
1. novice
2. advanced beginner
3. competent
4. proficient
5. Expert
How is nursing practice regulated
nurse practice acts, state boards, and standards of practice
What is direct nursing care?
involves personal interaction between the nurse and clients
What is indirect nursing care?
working on behalf of clients to improve their health status
What are some examples of nursing care models?
case method, functional nursing, team nursing, primary nursing, and differentiated practice
Case method
one-to-one care
Functional care
it is compartmentalized, with each task assigned to a staff member
Team nursing
an RN is teamed with a LPN/CNS
Primary nursing
day-to-day nursing care
Differenciated practice
a variation of care, each patient requires expertise nursing care
, Acute care
prevent deterioration and restore health
Primary healthcare
preventing and promoting illness prevention activities
Secondary healthcare
early diagnosis and treatment of disease
Tertiary healthcare
long term rehabilitation services
Medicare vs Medicaid
coverage for persons over 65 vs coverage for low income persons
What are the steps to the nursing process?
assessment, diagnosis, planning, outcomes, planning interventions, implementations, evaluation
Full spectrum nursing model
thinking, doing, and caring goes into a patient situation and creates the patient outcome
Framingham studies
several studies that identify healthcare practices such as diabetes, mellitus, breast cancer, heart
disease, and others
Watsons science of human caring
a theory that describes caring from a nursing perspective (non task oriented care)
Benners novice to expert
the progression of a beginner nurse to expert levels of profession. It is necessary to learn and
understand the responsibilities of a nurse
Inductive vs deductive reasoning
specific to general vs general to specific
Who are the nursing theorists?
Florence Nightingale, Virginia Henderson, Hildegard Pelpau, Patricia Benner, Madeleine
Leininger, Jean Watson
Validation theory
asks the caregiver to go where the demented person is in their own mind
Stress and adaptation theory
a certain amount of stress is good , however, distress results in poor physiological health
Developmental theories
looks at stages through which individuals, groups, families, and communities progress over time
Systems theory
regardless of their type, have some principles, laws and organization in common
Nursing research
a systematic, objective process of analyzing phenomena of importance in nursing
Quantitative research
generalized to populations
Qualitative research
focuses on lived experiences of people
What are the steps to the research process
1. define problem
2. search of information
3. formulate hypothesis
4. select research design