WGU Pathophysiology D236 certification study guide exam Q&A

WGU Pathophysiology D236 certification study guide exam Q&A Which types of tissue most often develop tumors? - CORRECT ANSWER-Epithelial and connective tissues What are the following benign tumors? - CORRECT ANSWER-Papilloma - A wart Lipoma - begins in the fatty tissue Myoma - Fibroid Chondroma - Tumor of cartilage cells What are sarcomas? - CORRECT ANSWER-They are tumors that can be found anywhere and begin in connective tissue What are the early signs of lymphoma - CORRECT ANSWER-Fevers and night sweats What is radiation therapy - CORRECT ANSWER-When seeds are implanted into a malignant prostate and then irradiated, this is called radiation therapy. This is used to reduce damage to healthy tissue Name what is a vesicle, pustule, macule, papule, excoriation - CORRECT ANSWERVesicle - Small fluid filled elevation of skin (e.g. blister) Pustule - (elevation of the skin containing white blood cells and cell debris) Macule - A spot that is not raised or depressed. (such as a freckle) Papule - A firm raised area of the skin (such as a pimple) Excoriation (scratch in the skin) Define the following: Laceration Fissure Ulcer Superficial burn Superficial partial thickness burn - CORRECT ANSWER-Laceration - Rough jagged wound Fissue - Crack in the skin Ulcer - Store with disintegration and death of affected tissue Superficial burn involves the epidermal layer of the skin Superficial partial thickness burn appears with blisters and pain at the burn site What are shingles and how are they treated - CORRECT ANSWER-Shingles are painful vesicular lesions caused by varicella. The normal treatment is antiviral medications and costicosteroids to decrease pain. What is Tissue destruction involving only the epidermal layer of the skin - CORRECT ANSWER-superficial. What are two signs of allergic skin reactions - CORRECT ANSWER-Pruritus (itching) and urticarial (hives) What are three autoimmune diseases involving the skin? - CORRECT ANSWERPemphigus, scleroderma and lupus erythematosus are all autoimmuse diseases involving the skin. Damage to what can disturb equilibrium? - CORRECT ANSWER-Semicircular canals in the ear How can otitis media be prevented? - CORRECT ANSWER-By placing a myingotomy tube in the ear What results in progressive hearing loss? - CORRECT ANSWER-Presbycusis What can alleviate age-related hearing loss? - CORRECT ANSWER-Speaking in clear, low-pitched tones What are treatment of joint disorders - CORRECT ANSWER-FALK (fixation of screws, arthrocentesis, laproscopic repairs, kyoplasty) What are the different types of arthritis - CORRECT ANSWER-(GROS) Gout - higher levels of uric acid form crystals that accumulate in the joints, causing pain and inflammation. • Septic arthritis - may result from an invasive procedure; invading organisms are usually carried to the joint by the blood stream. • Osteoarthritis - most often in weight-bearing joints, like hips and knees; may be the results of aging and repeated trauma. • Rheumatoid arthritis - inflammation and overgrowth of synovial fluid causes severe pain; joints stiffen and become useless. What is mysathenia gravis? - CORRECT ANSWER-chronic muscular fatigue caused by defect at the neuromuscular junction. How is GERD treated? - CORRECT ANSWER-Antacids and using medication that decreases the production of HCL What characterizes chronic pancreatitis - CORRECT ANSWER-Severe pain and blood test shows elevated serum amylase. Pancreatitis impacts the digestive process by leading to enzyme imbalances