W10 L7
Lecture 7 – Upper limb muscular compartments
& ligaments of shoulder girdle
CHI108 W10 L7 flashcards
Learning objectives
1. Identify the names of skeletal muscles introduced during this lecture.
2. Describe the location of the muscles in relation to the compartments in which they are located
3. Locate the bony landmarks and skeletal structures that serve as attachment points for the
muscles identified within this lecture series.
4. Review all proximal and distal attachment of the muscles located in the anterior and posterior
brachium and review the nerves that innervate each specific muscles. Anterior compartment of the brachium and
posterior compartment of the brachium
5. Describe and investigate the proximal and distal attachment of the muscles located in the anterior
and posterior antebrachium and review the nerves that innervate each specific muscles.
__________________________________________________________________________
Naming skeletal muscles and their key function
• Several basic criteria are used to name skeletal muscles
○ Location
○ Shape
○ Relative size
○ Direction of fascicles
○ Location of attachments
○ Number of origins
○ Action
• Key functions
○ Stabilise joints
○ Move bones
Anterioraxioappendicular muscles
○ Maintain posture
○ Move material into, around and out the body
○ Generate heat
○ Protect visceral organs
Organisational characteristics
• Each muscle group is typically enclosed in a compartment formed by bones and fascia
• Functional groups are separated by an intermuscular septum (deep fascia / aponeurotic sheets)
• Generally muscles within a given compartment have a similar nerve and blood supply and tend to
have similar actions on the joints they cross
• Tendons frequently are enclosed in synovial sheaths
• Synovial bursae are often located between tendons, or tendon and bone
• Muscles are able to act over one joint (mono-articular), two joints (bi-articular) or many joints
Axioappendicular muscles
• These muscles extend between the axial and appendicular skeleton, being related to both upper
and lower limbs
• There are two muscle groups; the anterioraxioappendicular and the posterioraxioappendicular
• The two groups associated with the upper appendicular skeleton arise from the thorax and act on
the scapula and glenohumeral joint on their respective sides
Anterioraxioappendicular
• Serratus Anterior
• Pectoralis Minor
• Pectoralis Major
○ The three heads of the pectoralis major include the
▪ Clavicular
▪ Sternocostal Pectoralis major
▪ Abdominal
○ All three converge laterally and insert on the lateral lip of the intertubercular sulcus (crest of
the greater tubercle) by a broad tendon that has a horseshoe-shaped cross section
○ The tendon fibre bundles are twisted on themselves in such a way that the clavicular part
inserts lower on the humerus than the sternocostal part, which inserts lower than the
abdominal part
○ The muscle fibres of the pectoralis major become untwisted and stretched with increasing
flexion of the arm, increasing the force that the muscle can exert
• Subclavius
Posterioraxioappendicular
• Trapezius
• Latissimus Dorsi
• Levator Scapulae
• Rhomboid Minor
• Rhomboid Major
Posterioraxioappendicular muscles
Ligaments of the shoulder girdle
CHI108 Page 1
Lecture 7 – Upper limb muscular compartments
& ligaments of shoulder girdle
CHI108 W10 L7 flashcards
Learning objectives
1. Identify the names of skeletal muscles introduced during this lecture.
2. Describe the location of the muscles in relation to the compartments in which they are located
3. Locate the bony landmarks and skeletal structures that serve as attachment points for the
muscles identified within this lecture series.
4. Review all proximal and distal attachment of the muscles located in the anterior and posterior
brachium and review the nerves that innervate each specific muscles. Anterior compartment of the brachium and
posterior compartment of the brachium
5. Describe and investigate the proximal and distal attachment of the muscles located in the anterior
and posterior antebrachium and review the nerves that innervate each specific muscles.
__________________________________________________________________________
Naming skeletal muscles and their key function
• Several basic criteria are used to name skeletal muscles
○ Location
○ Shape
○ Relative size
○ Direction of fascicles
○ Location of attachments
○ Number of origins
○ Action
• Key functions
○ Stabilise joints
○ Move bones
Anterioraxioappendicular muscles
○ Maintain posture
○ Move material into, around and out the body
○ Generate heat
○ Protect visceral organs
Organisational characteristics
• Each muscle group is typically enclosed in a compartment formed by bones and fascia
• Functional groups are separated by an intermuscular septum (deep fascia / aponeurotic sheets)
• Generally muscles within a given compartment have a similar nerve and blood supply and tend to
have similar actions on the joints they cross
• Tendons frequently are enclosed in synovial sheaths
• Synovial bursae are often located between tendons, or tendon and bone
• Muscles are able to act over one joint (mono-articular), two joints (bi-articular) or many joints
Axioappendicular muscles
• These muscles extend between the axial and appendicular skeleton, being related to both upper
and lower limbs
• There are two muscle groups; the anterioraxioappendicular and the posterioraxioappendicular
• The two groups associated with the upper appendicular skeleton arise from the thorax and act on
the scapula and glenohumeral joint on their respective sides
Anterioraxioappendicular
• Serratus Anterior
• Pectoralis Minor
• Pectoralis Major
○ The three heads of the pectoralis major include the
▪ Clavicular
▪ Sternocostal Pectoralis major
▪ Abdominal
○ All three converge laterally and insert on the lateral lip of the intertubercular sulcus (crest of
the greater tubercle) by a broad tendon that has a horseshoe-shaped cross section
○ The tendon fibre bundles are twisted on themselves in such a way that the clavicular part
inserts lower on the humerus than the sternocostal part, which inserts lower than the
abdominal part
○ The muscle fibres of the pectoralis major become untwisted and stretched with increasing
flexion of the arm, increasing the force that the muscle can exert
• Subclavius
Posterioraxioappendicular
• Trapezius
• Latissimus Dorsi
• Levator Scapulae
• Rhomboid Minor
• Rhomboid Major
Posterioraxioappendicular muscles
Ligaments of the shoulder girdle
CHI108 Page 1
