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Principles of Surgical Asepsis 1. A sterile object remains sterile only when touched by another sterile object. 2. Only sterile objects may be placed on a sterile field. 3. A sterile object or field out of the range of vision or an object held below a person's waist is contaminated. 4. A sterile object or field becomes contaminated by prolonged exposure to air. 5. When a sterile surface comes in contact with a wet, contaminated surface, the sterile object or field becomes contaminated by capillary action. 6. Fluid flows in the direction of gravity. 7. The edges of a sterile field or container are considered to be contaminated. Surgical asepsis (sterile technique) techniques used to destroy all pathogenic organisms (Injections/Catheter insertion/irrigation) chain of infection • An infectious agent (pathogen) 2 • A reservoir (source for pathogen growth) • A portal of exit from the reservoir • A mode of transmission • A portal of entry to a host • A susceptible host Medical asepsis=Clean Technique Refers to practices and procedures used to control and to reduce the number of organisms present and to prevent the transfer of organisms (Suppository insertion/ Simple wounds) mode of transmission (1) Droplet (2) Contact (1) coughing and or sneezing (2) via contaminated objects or surfaces and then touching one's own mouth, nose, or possibly eyes Breaking the chain of infection eliminate microorganisms /eliminate reservoirs reduce transmission /reduce susceptibility