NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to
characterize organic, organometallic and bio- molecules by identifying
carbon#hydrogen frameworks within molecules.
• Two common types of NMR spectroscopy are used to characterize organic structure:
1H NMR is used to determine the type and number of H atoms in a molecule;
13C NMR
is used to determine the type of carbon atoms in the molecule.
• The source of energy in NMR is radio waves which have long wavelengths, and thus
low energy and frequency
NMR spectroscopy is used for
• Used to determine relative location of atoms within a molecule
• Most helpful spectroscopic technique in organic chemistry
• Related to MRI in medicine (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
• Maps carbon-hydrogen framework of molecules
• Depends on very strong magnetic fields
● It can tell us the number of hydrogen atoms in a molecule and their related
positions in the carbon chain.
● The nucleus of each hydrogen atom behaves like a tiny magnet, which
usually lines up with an applied magnetic field.
● However, if we add energy, the tiny magnet can flip over so that it aligns
against the magnetic field.
● When the external energy is removed, the magnetic nucleus must, once
again, fall back in line with the magnetic field and release its extra energy.
We detect this released energy and use it to gather information about the
hydrogen which was excited.
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to
characterize organic, organometallic and bio- molecules by identifying
carbon#hydrogen frameworks within molecules.
• Two common types of NMR spectroscopy are used to characterize organic structure:
1H NMR is used to determine the type and number of H atoms in a molecule;
13C NMR
is used to determine the type of carbon atoms in the molecule.
• The source of energy in NMR is radio waves which have long wavelengths, and thus
low energy and frequency
NMR spectroscopy is used for
• Used to determine relative location of atoms within a molecule
• Most helpful spectroscopic technique in organic chemistry
• Related to MRI in medicine (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
• Maps carbon-hydrogen framework of molecules
• Depends on very strong magnetic fields
● It can tell us the number of hydrogen atoms in a molecule and their related
positions in the carbon chain.
● The nucleus of each hydrogen atom behaves like a tiny magnet, which
usually lines up with an applied magnetic field.
● However, if we add energy, the tiny magnet can flip over so that it aligns
against the magnetic field.
● When the external energy is removed, the magnetic nucleus must, once
again, fall back in line with the magnetic field and release its extra energy.
We detect this released energy and use it to gather information about the
hydrogen which was excited.
