NCCAA BOARD REVIEW (COMBINED SETS)
COMPLETED WITH A+ GRADED ANSWERS
Pediatric Larynx located at - Correct Answer C4
Narrowest point of pediatric airway - Correct Answer Cricoid cartilage
Chest wall Compliance v lung compliance - Correct Answer inc CW compliance
dec lung compliance
What is the difference between the pediatric and adult NMJ - Correct Answer pediatric
immature NMJ
when does normal kidney function occur - Correct Answer 6 months
GERD in pediatrics? - Correct Answer inc incidence due to incompetent LES
Hgb at birth - Correct Answer 18-20
Hgb at 5 months - Correct Answer 9-10 g/dl
Neonate RR, HR, BP averages - Correct Answer 40
140
65/40
Infant RR, HR< BP average - Correct Answer 30, 120 , 95/65
Toddler RR, HR, BP average - Correct Answer 25, 100, 100/70
Child RR, HR, BP - Correct Answer 20, 80, 110/60
Premature neonate EBV - Correct Answer 100ml/kg
Full term neonate EBV - Correct Answer 90 ml/kg
Infant EBV - Correct Answer 80 mL/kg
Female EBV - Correct Answer 65 ml/kg
Male EBV - Correct Answer 70 ML/KG
Tube depth calculation by age - Correct Answer 12 +age/2
Vd for water soluble and lipid soluble drugs - Correct Answer increased for water sol
decreased for lipid sol
,albumin binding changes in pediatrics? what does this mean - Correct Answer
decreased -->more free drug available
capillary permeability changes in peds? what does this mean - Correct Answer
increased -->more permeable BBB (reduce doses)
Why do pediatrics have a fast inhalation induction? - Correct Answer Inc alveolar
ventilation
Inc VM/FRC ratio
Inc BF to VRO
Why do pediatrics require larger doses of propofol? - Correct Answer larger Vd
Why are pediatrics more sensitive to respiratory depression? - Correct Answer
decreased metabolism and less formed BBB
MR onset changes in pediatrics? - Correct Answer quicker onset (greater sensitivity at
NMJ), infants need less than children
MR duration of action in pediatrics? - Correct Answer prolonged duration due to
immature hepatic biotransformation
Prematurity - Correct Answer Birth before 37 weeks gestation
Keep PaO2 at ____ in premature patients - Correct Answer 50-80
Diaphragmatic hernia msot common side - Correct Answer left
Persistant fetal circulation is what kind of shunt - Correct Answer R-L
Most common variation of TEF - Correct Answer Most common variation- esophagus
ends in a blind
pouch with the lower esophagus connecting to the
trachea
TEF is confirmed by - Correct Answer inability to pass gastric tube
feeding-->choking, coughing, cyanosis
VACTERL association - Correct Answer V = Vertebral anomalies
A = Anal atresia
C = Cardiac anomalies
TE = Tracheoesophageal fistula
R = Renal and or radial anomalies
L = Limb defects
,*can be seen in children with diabetic mothers or trisomy 18*, however this is not a
syndrome because the findings are only associations and do not stem from one
problem.
pyloric stenosis s/s - Correct Answer olive like mass
hypokalemia, hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis, jaundice, projectile vomiting
epiglotitis Cause, age, symptoms/signs - Correct Answer Bacterial
2-7
inspiratory stridor
high fever
tripod stance, drooling, mouth open and cyanotic
Croup cause, age, s/s - Correct Answer viral, 6 mo-2,
less airway obstruction, barking ocugh
Ompahlocele - Correct Answer covered by sac and associated with Trisomy 21, DH,
Cardiac/bowel malformation
GASTROSCHISIS - Correct Answer no sac to cover
urgent repair
not associated with other anomalies
Pierre Robin Syndrome - Correct Answer Syndrome presenting with glossoptosis -
tongue in posterior position which affects swallowing, cleft palate
small face and glottis
Treacher Collins Syndrome - Correct Answer small mouth, more severe than PRS
Mandibular hypoplasia, down-slanted palpebral fissures, colobomas, malformed ears,
and zygomatic hypoplasia are commonly seen in what pharyngeal arch 1 abnormality?
Trisomy 21 - Correct Answer Down syndrome
short neck, large ociput, irregular dentition, micrognathia, macroglossia, MR,
Strabismus associated with heart condition, OSA< seizure, subglottic stenosis, TEF
How to manage the TEF patient - Correct Answer Awake intubation without MR
No PPV prior to intubation
Aspiration Risk
Inc secretions
Dehydration
, How to manage the Pyloric Stenosis pt - Correct Answer Pulmonary aspiration risk
Proper NPO status
Epiglottitis treatment - Correct Answer immediate intubation
smaller ETT
sedate sitting
No MR
Treat w abx
Croup treatment - Correct Answer racemic epi
supplemental O2
typically no intubation
cool humidity
How to manage the omphalocele pt - Correct Answer decompress with NG prior to
induction
awake/sleep intubation
No N2O
MR
Glucose and fluid management
warm OR
How to manage the gastroschisis pt - Correct Answer decompress with NG prior to
induction
awake/sleep intubation
No N2O
MR
Glucose and fluid management
warm OR
infection and dehydration risk
How to manage the PR and TC pt - Correct Answer awake difficult intubation
fully awkae prior to extubation
How to manage the trisomy 21 pt - Correct Answer difficult airway
COMPLETED WITH A+ GRADED ANSWERS
Pediatric Larynx located at - Correct Answer C4
Narrowest point of pediatric airway - Correct Answer Cricoid cartilage
Chest wall Compliance v lung compliance - Correct Answer inc CW compliance
dec lung compliance
What is the difference between the pediatric and adult NMJ - Correct Answer pediatric
immature NMJ
when does normal kidney function occur - Correct Answer 6 months
GERD in pediatrics? - Correct Answer inc incidence due to incompetent LES
Hgb at birth - Correct Answer 18-20
Hgb at 5 months - Correct Answer 9-10 g/dl
Neonate RR, HR, BP averages - Correct Answer 40
140
65/40
Infant RR, HR< BP average - Correct Answer 30, 120 , 95/65
Toddler RR, HR, BP average - Correct Answer 25, 100, 100/70
Child RR, HR, BP - Correct Answer 20, 80, 110/60
Premature neonate EBV - Correct Answer 100ml/kg
Full term neonate EBV - Correct Answer 90 ml/kg
Infant EBV - Correct Answer 80 mL/kg
Female EBV - Correct Answer 65 ml/kg
Male EBV - Correct Answer 70 ML/KG
Tube depth calculation by age - Correct Answer 12 +age/2
Vd for water soluble and lipid soluble drugs - Correct Answer increased for water sol
decreased for lipid sol
,albumin binding changes in pediatrics? what does this mean - Correct Answer
decreased -->more free drug available
capillary permeability changes in peds? what does this mean - Correct Answer
increased -->more permeable BBB (reduce doses)
Why do pediatrics have a fast inhalation induction? - Correct Answer Inc alveolar
ventilation
Inc VM/FRC ratio
Inc BF to VRO
Why do pediatrics require larger doses of propofol? - Correct Answer larger Vd
Why are pediatrics more sensitive to respiratory depression? - Correct Answer
decreased metabolism and less formed BBB
MR onset changes in pediatrics? - Correct Answer quicker onset (greater sensitivity at
NMJ), infants need less than children
MR duration of action in pediatrics? - Correct Answer prolonged duration due to
immature hepatic biotransformation
Prematurity - Correct Answer Birth before 37 weeks gestation
Keep PaO2 at ____ in premature patients - Correct Answer 50-80
Diaphragmatic hernia msot common side - Correct Answer left
Persistant fetal circulation is what kind of shunt - Correct Answer R-L
Most common variation of TEF - Correct Answer Most common variation- esophagus
ends in a blind
pouch with the lower esophagus connecting to the
trachea
TEF is confirmed by - Correct Answer inability to pass gastric tube
feeding-->choking, coughing, cyanosis
VACTERL association - Correct Answer V = Vertebral anomalies
A = Anal atresia
C = Cardiac anomalies
TE = Tracheoesophageal fistula
R = Renal and or radial anomalies
L = Limb defects
,*can be seen in children with diabetic mothers or trisomy 18*, however this is not a
syndrome because the findings are only associations and do not stem from one
problem.
pyloric stenosis s/s - Correct Answer olive like mass
hypokalemia, hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis, jaundice, projectile vomiting
epiglotitis Cause, age, symptoms/signs - Correct Answer Bacterial
2-7
inspiratory stridor
high fever
tripod stance, drooling, mouth open and cyanotic
Croup cause, age, s/s - Correct Answer viral, 6 mo-2,
less airway obstruction, barking ocugh
Ompahlocele - Correct Answer covered by sac and associated with Trisomy 21, DH,
Cardiac/bowel malformation
GASTROSCHISIS - Correct Answer no sac to cover
urgent repair
not associated with other anomalies
Pierre Robin Syndrome - Correct Answer Syndrome presenting with glossoptosis -
tongue in posterior position which affects swallowing, cleft palate
small face and glottis
Treacher Collins Syndrome - Correct Answer small mouth, more severe than PRS
Mandibular hypoplasia, down-slanted palpebral fissures, colobomas, malformed ears,
and zygomatic hypoplasia are commonly seen in what pharyngeal arch 1 abnormality?
Trisomy 21 - Correct Answer Down syndrome
short neck, large ociput, irregular dentition, micrognathia, macroglossia, MR,
Strabismus associated with heart condition, OSA< seizure, subglottic stenosis, TEF
How to manage the TEF patient - Correct Answer Awake intubation without MR
No PPV prior to intubation
Aspiration Risk
Inc secretions
Dehydration
, How to manage the Pyloric Stenosis pt - Correct Answer Pulmonary aspiration risk
Proper NPO status
Epiglottitis treatment - Correct Answer immediate intubation
smaller ETT
sedate sitting
No MR
Treat w abx
Croup treatment - Correct Answer racemic epi
supplemental O2
typically no intubation
cool humidity
How to manage the omphalocele pt - Correct Answer decompress with NG prior to
induction
awake/sleep intubation
No N2O
MR
Glucose and fluid management
warm OR
How to manage the gastroschisis pt - Correct Answer decompress with NG prior to
induction
awake/sleep intubation
No N2O
MR
Glucose and fluid management
warm OR
infection and dehydration risk
How to manage the PR and TC pt - Correct Answer awake difficult intubation
fully awkae prior to extubation
How to manage the trisomy 21 pt - Correct Answer difficult airway
