CHAPTER 2 - CHEMICAL FOUNDATION OF LIFE - KEY TERMS { GRADED A+ }

CHAPTER 2 - CHEMICAL FOUNDATION

OF LIFE - KEY TERMS { GRADED A+ }




acid - ✔✔molecule that donates hydrogen ions and increases the

concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution

adhesion - ✔✔attraction between water molecules and other

molecules

aliphatic hydrocarbon - ✔✔hydrocarbon consisting of a linear

chain of carbon atoms

anion - ✔✔negative ion that is formed by an atom gaining one or

more electrons

aromatic hydrocarbon - ✔✔hydrocarbon consisting of closed

rings of carbon atoms

atom - ✔✔the smallest unit of matter that retains all of the

chemical properties of an element

, base - ✔✔molecule that donates hydroxide ions or otherwise

binds excess hydrogen ions and decreases the hydrogen

ions'concentration in a solution

buffer - ✔✔substance that resists a change in pH by absorbing

or releasing hydrogen or hydroxide ions

calorie - ✔✔amount of heat required to change the temperature

of one gram of water by one degree Celsius

capillary action - ✔✔occurs because water molecules are

attracted to charges on the inner surfaces of narrow tubular

structures such as glass tubes, drawing the water molecules to

the tubes sides

cation - ✔✔positive ion that is formed by an atom losing one or

more electrons

cohesion - ✔✔intermolecular forces between water molecules

caused by the polar nature of water, responsible for surface

tension