RD Exam Study Prep Questions And
Answers.
According to _____ nutrition risk must be identified in hospitalized patients within 24
hours of admission, but does not mandate a method of screening. -
\The Joint Commission
Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) -
\Screening tool which evaluates
1. Patient's history
2. Intake
3. GI symptoms
4. Functional capacity
5. Physical appearance
6. Edema
7. Weight change
Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) -
\Screening tool used for individual >/= 65 YO and evaluates:
1. Independence
2. Medications
3. Number of full meals consumed
4. Protein intake
5. Fruits & Vegetables
6. Fluid
7. Mode of feeding
Nutrition Screening Initiative -
\Screening tool specific for the elderly
Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) -
\Screening tool which assesses
1. Serum Albumin
2. Weight changes
Used with the elderly population
Malnutrition Screening Tool -
\Screening tool which assesses
1. Recent weight loss
2. Recent poor dietary intake
Used in the acute hospitalized adult population
Nutrition Risk Screening (NRS) -
,\Screening tool used for medical-surgical hospitalized patients which assesses
1. % weight loss
2. BMI
3. Intake
4. Age (>70 YO)
Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) -
\Screening tool which assesses
1. BMI
2. Unintentional weight loss
3. Effect of acute disease on intake for >5 days
What are the four steps in the Nutrition Care Process (NCP)? -
\1. Assess
2. Diagnose
3. Intervene
4. Monitor & Evaluate
(ADIME)
Assessment/Data collection -
\Includes:
1. Food/nutrition-related history
2. Anthropometrics
3. Lab/medical tests
4. Nutrition-focused physical findings
5. Client history
What is Hamwi Formula for estimating IBW for women? -
\Medium Frame: 100 lbs for first 5'
add 5 lbs for each additional inch
subtract 5 lbs for each inch under 5'
Small Frame: subtract 10%
Large Frame: add 10%
What is Hamwi Formula for estimating IBW for men? -
\Frame Medium: 106 lbs for first 5'
add 6 lbs for each additional inch
subtract 6 lbs for each inch under 5'
Small Frame: subtract 10%
Large Frame: add 10%
What is the Adjusted IBW formula for amputations? -
,\IBW based on Hamwi x (100% - % amputation)
Use a range of (+/- 10%) to allow for various body frames
% Amputation:
entire leg = 16% of body weight
above knee = 11% of body weight
lower leg with foot = 6% of body weight
entire arm = 5% of body weight
forearm with hand = 2.3% of body weight
How to calculate IBW for individual with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) -
\Quadriplegic reduce by 10-15% of table weight
Paraplegic reduce by 5-10% of table weight
The registered dietitian should not use body mass index (BMI) or skinfold
measurements to measure body composition in persons with spinal cord injury. These
methods may not provide reliable results since they were developed based on able-
bodied persons.
How do you calculate % weight change? -
\It stresses significance of weight change and is used to assess nutritional risk.
(usual weight - actual (current) weight / usual weight) x 100
What is considered significant weight loss? -
\10% loss within 6 months
Arm Muscle Area (AMA) -
\1. It measures skeletal muscle mass (somatic protein)
2. Important to measure in growing children
3. Standard: male 25.3 cm; female 23.2 cm
4. To determine AMA use Triceps skinfold thickness (TSF) and arm circumference (AC)
Formula to measure BMI in adults -
\(weight in lbs / height in inches squared) x 703
What are the different BMI classifications for adults -
\<16: Severe thinness
16-16.9: Moderate thinness
17-18.4: Mild thinness
<18.5: Underweight
18.5 - 24.9: Normal (healthy elderly 24-29)
25-29.9: Overweight
30-34.9: Obesity grade I
35-39.9: Obesity grade II
, >/= 40: Obesity grade III
Waist Circumference (WC) -
\A waist measurement to assess potential risk for disease based on intra-abdominal fat
content
>40 Males; > 35 Female
Physical examination techniques -
\1. Inspection: gathering info via observation
2. Palpation: gathering data via touch...fluid retention
3. Auscultation: listening to heart, bowel
4. Percussion: not done by RD, but findings recorded in the medical record
What are nutritional considerations for the following assessment:
Hair : thin, sparse, dull dry brittle easily pluck-able -
\Considerations: Vitamin C, protein deficiency
What are nutritional considerations for the following assessment:
Eyes: Pale, dry, poor vision -
\Considerations: Vitamin A, zinc or riboflavin deficiencies
What are nutritional considerations for the following assessment:
Lips: Swollen, red, dry, cracked -
\Considerations: Riboflavin, Pyridoxine (used to prevent vitamin B6 deficiency), Niacin
deficiencies
What are nutritional considerations for the following assessment:
Tongue: Smooth, Slick, Purple, White coating -
\Considerations: Vitamin or iron deficiencies
What are nutritional considerations for the following assessment:
Gums: Sore, red, swollen, bleeding -
\Considerations: Vitamin C deficiency
What are nutritional considerations for the following assessment:
Teeth: missing, loose, loss of enamel -
\Considerations: calcium deficiency, poor intake
What are nutritional considerations for the following assessment:
Skin: pale, dry, scaly -
\Considerations: Iron, folic acid, zinc deficiency
What are nutritional considerations for the following assessment:
Nails: brittle, thin, spoon-shaped -
\Considerations: Iron or protein deficiency
Answers.
According to _____ nutrition risk must be identified in hospitalized patients within 24
hours of admission, but does not mandate a method of screening. -
\The Joint Commission
Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) -
\Screening tool which evaluates
1. Patient's history
2. Intake
3. GI symptoms
4. Functional capacity
5. Physical appearance
6. Edema
7. Weight change
Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) -
\Screening tool used for individual >/= 65 YO and evaluates:
1. Independence
2. Medications
3. Number of full meals consumed
4. Protein intake
5. Fruits & Vegetables
6. Fluid
7. Mode of feeding
Nutrition Screening Initiative -
\Screening tool specific for the elderly
Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) -
\Screening tool which assesses
1. Serum Albumin
2. Weight changes
Used with the elderly population
Malnutrition Screening Tool -
\Screening tool which assesses
1. Recent weight loss
2. Recent poor dietary intake
Used in the acute hospitalized adult population
Nutrition Risk Screening (NRS) -
,\Screening tool used for medical-surgical hospitalized patients which assesses
1. % weight loss
2. BMI
3. Intake
4. Age (>70 YO)
Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) -
\Screening tool which assesses
1. BMI
2. Unintentional weight loss
3. Effect of acute disease on intake for >5 days
What are the four steps in the Nutrition Care Process (NCP)? -
\1. Assess
2. Diagnose
3. Intervene
4. Monitor & Evaluate
(ADIME)
Assessment/Data collection -
\Includes:
1. Food/nutrition-related history
2. Anthropometrics
3. Lab/medical tests
4. Nutrition-focused physical findings
5. Client history
What is Hamwi Formula for estimating IBW for women? -
\Medium Frame: 100 lbs for first 5'
add 5 lbs for each additional inch
subtract 5 lbs for each inch under 5'
Small Frame: subtract 10%
Large Frame: add 10%
What is Hamwi Formula for estimating IBW for men? -
\Frame Medium: 106 lbs for first 5'
add 6 lbs for each additional inch
subtract 6 lbs for each inch under 5'
Small Frame: subtract 10%
Large Frame: add 10%
What is the Adjusted IBW formula for amputations? -
,\IBW based on Hamwi x (100% - % amputation)
Use a range of (+/- 10%) to allow for various body frames
% Amputation:
entire leg = 16% of body weight
above knee = 11% of body weight
lower leg with foot = 6% of body weight
entire arm = 5% of body weight
forearm with hand = 2.3% of body weight
How to calculate IBW for individual with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) -
\Quadriplegic reduce by 10-15% of table weight
Paraplegic reduce by 5-10% of table weight
The registered dietitian should not use body mass index (BMI) or skinfold
measurements to measure body composition in persons with spinal cord injury. These
methods may not provide reliable results since they were developed based on able-
bodied persons.
How do you calculate % weight change? -
\It stresses significance of weight change and is used to assess nutritional risk.
(usual weight - actual (current) weight / usual weight) x 100
What is considered significant weight loss? -
\10% loss within 6 months
Arm Muscle Area (AMA) -
\1. It measures skeletal muscle mass (somatic protein)
2. Important to measure in growing children
3. Standard: male 25.3 cm; female 23.2 cm
4. To determine AMA use Triceps skinfold thickness (TSF) and arm circumference (AC)
Formula to measure BMI in adults -
\(weight in lbs / height in inches squared) x 703
What are the different BMI classifications for adults -
\<16: Severe thinness
16-16.9: Moderate thinness
17-18.4: Mild thinness
<18.5: Underweight
18.5 - 24.9: Normal (healthy elderly 24-29)
25-29.9: Overweight
30-34.9: Obesity grade I
35-39.9: Obesity grade II
, >/= 40: Obesity grade III
Waist Circumference (WC) -
\A waist measurement to assess potential risk for disease based on intra-abdominal fat
content
>40 Males; > 35 Female
Physical examination techniques -
\1. Inspection: gathering info via observation
2. Palpation: gathering data via touch...fluid retention
3. Auscultation: listening to heart, bowel
4. Percussion: not done by RD, but findings recorded in the medical record
What are nutritional considerations for the following assessment:
Hair : thin, sparse, dull dry brittle easily pluck-able -
\Considerations: Vitamin C, protein deficiency
What are nutritional considerations for the following assessment:
Eyes: Pale, dry, poor vision -
\Considerations: Vitamin A, zinc or riboflavin deficiencies
What are nutritional considerations for the following assessment:
Lips: Swollen, red, dry, cracked -
\Considerations: Riboflavin, Pyridoxine (used to prevent vitamin B6 deficiency), Niacin
deficiencies
What are nutritional considerations for the following assessment:
Tongue: Smooth, Slick, Purple, White coating -
\Considerations: Vitamin or iron deficiencies
What are nutritional considerations for the following assessment:
Gums: Sore, red, swollen, bleeding -
\Considerations: Vitamin C deficiency
What are nutritional considerations for the following assessment:
Teeth: missing, loose, loss of enamel -
\Considerations: calcium deficiency, poor intake
What are nutritional considerations for the following assessment:
Skin: pale, dry, scaly -
\Considerations: Iron, folic acid, zinc deficiency
What are nutritional considerations for the following assessment:
Nails: brittle, thin, spoon-shaped -
\Considerations: Iron or protein deficiency
