NCLEX-PN 2023/2024 EXAM EXPERT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH GUIDED RATIONALES INCLUDED ALREADY GRADED A

NCLEX -PN 2023/2024 EXAM EXPERT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH GUIDED RATIONALES INCLUDED ALREADY GRADED A The nurse is visiting a home health client with oste oporosis. The client has a new prescription for alendronate (Fosamax). Which instructions should be given to the client A. Rest in bed after taking the medication for at least 30 mins B. Avoid rapid movements after taking the medication C. Take medication with water only D. Allow at least 1 hour between taking the medicine and taking other medications C. Take medication with water only why? Fosmax should be taken with water only. The client should also remain upright for at least 30 mins after taking the medication. The nurse is making initial rounds on a client with a C5 fracture and crutchfield thongs. Which equipment should be kept at the bedside? A. A pair of forceps B. A torque wrench C. A pair or wire cutters D. A screwdriver B. A torque wrench why? A tourque wrench is kept at the bedside to tighten and loosen the screws of crutchfield tongs. This wrench controls the amount of pressure that is placed on the screws. An infant weighs 7 pounds at birth. The excpectd weight by 1 year should be: A. 10 pounds B.12 pounds C. 18 pounds D. 21 pounds D. 21 pounds why? A birth weight of 7 pounds would indicate 21 pounds in 1 year or triple the his birth weight. A client is admitted with a Ewing's sacroma. Which symptoms would be expected due to this tumor's location? A. Hemiplegia B. Aphasia C. Nausea D. Bone Pain D. Bone Pain why? Sacroma is a type of bone cancer, therefor, bone pain would be expected The nurse is caring for a client with epilepsy who is being treated with carbamazepine (Tegretol). Which labatory value might be a indicate a serious side effect of this drug? A. Uric acid of 5mg/ dl B. Hematoccrit of 33% C. WBC 2,000 per cubic millimeter D. Platelets 150,000 per cubic millimeter C. WBC 2,000 per cubic millimeter why? Tegratol can su ppress the bone marrow and decrease the white blood cells count; thus, a lab value of WBC 2,000 per cubic millimeter indicates side effects of the drug. The nurse is caring for a client scheduled for removal of a pituitary tumor using the transsphenoidal approach. The nurse should be particularly alert to: A. Nasal congestion B. Abdominal Tenderness C. Muscle Tetany D. Oliguria A. Nasal congestion why? Removal of the pituitary gland is usually done by transsphernoidal approach through the nose. Nasal congestion further interferes with the airway. A client with cancer is a, admitted to the oncology unit. Stat lab values revel Hgb 12.6, WBC 6500, K+1.9, ur ic acid 7.0, Na+136, and platelets 178,000. The nurse evaluates that the client is experiencing which of the following? A. Hypernatremia B. Hypokalemia C. Myelosuppression D. Leukocytosis B. Hypokalemia why? Hypokalemia is evident from the lab values lis ted. The other laboratory findings are within normal limits. Making answers A,C and D incorrect A 24 year -old female client is scheduled for surgery in the morning. Which of the following is the primary responsibility of the nurse? A. Taking the vital sig ns B. Obtaining the permit C. Explaining the procedure D. Checking the lab work A. Taking the vital signs why? The primary responisblity of the nurse is to take the vital signs before any surgery. Answers B,C and D are the responsibility of the doctor. The nurse is working in the emergency room when a client arrives with severe burns of the left arm, hands, face, and neck. Which action should receive priority? A. Starting an IV? B. Applying oxygen C.Obtaining blood gas D. Medicating the client foe pain B. Applying oxygen why? The client with burns to the neck needs airway assessments and supplemental oxygen, so applying oxygen is priority. The next action should be to start an IV and medicate for pain. A 6-month -old client is admitted with possible intussuception. Which question during the nursing histor y is least helpful in obtaining information regarding this diagnosis? A. "tell me about the pain" B."what does his vomit look like?" C." Describe his usual diet." D. " have you noticed changes in his adominal size?" C." Describe his usual diet." why? The least -helpful questions are those describing his usual diet. A, B, and D are useful in determining the extent of disease process and thus, are incorrect The nurse is assisting a client with diverticulosis to select appropiate foods. Which food should be avoided? A. Bran B. Fresh Peaches C. Cucumber salad D. Yeast Rolls C. Cucumber salad why? The client with diverticulitis should avoid foods with seeds. A client has rectal cancer and is scheduled for an abdominal perineal resection. What should be the priority nursing care during the post -op period? A. Teaching how to irrigate the illeostomy B. Stopping electrolytes loss in the incisional area C. Encouraging a high fiber diet D. Facilitating perineal wound drainage D. Facilitating perineal wound drain age why?