CMN 568 - UNIT 2 – ALL Questions & Answers | 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest 2024 Version

After exposure to toxic fumes, a pt gradually develops cough and dyspnea, he most likely has: - Acute Bronchiolitis Risk factors for development of bronchiolitis in the adult pt include: a. exposure to toxic fumes b. viral infection c. organ transplant d. systemic lupus erythematosus e. all of the above - e. all of the above Connective tissue disease (SLE) Treatment for a pt with proliferative bronchiolitis includes________________ for ___-___ months, then tapered to 20-40 mg/day - Prednisone 1mg/kg/day for 1-3 months T or F: When narrowing the dif. dx of causes of pna in the immunocompromised adult, remember - Defects in humoral immunity predispose to bacterial infections; defects in cellular immunity lead to infections with viruses, fungi, mycobacteria, and protozoa. - True - Antibiotic therapy in the preceding 90 days. - Acute care hospitalization for at least 2 days in the preceding 90 days. - Residence in a nursing home or extended care facility. - Home infusion therapy, including chemotherapy, within the past 30 days. - Long-term dialysis within the past 30 days. - Home wound care. - Family member with an infection involving a multiple drug-resistant pathogen. - Immunosuppressive disease or immunosuppressive therapy. - Risk factors for HCAPThree factors distinguish nosocomial pneumonia from CAP: - (1) different infectious causes. (2) different antibiotic susceptibility patterns, specifically, a higher incidence of drug resistance. (3) the patients' underlying health status that puts them at risk for more severe infections. Colonization of the ________ and possibly the ________ with bacteria is the most important step in the pathogenesis of nosocomial pneumonia. - pharynx; stomach Within ___ hours of admission, ___% of seriously ill hospitalized patients have their upper airway colonized with organisms from the hospital environment. - 48; 75% Patients with anaerobic pleuropulmonary infection usually present with constitutional symptoms such as fever, weight loss, and malaise, dentition is often poor, however, rarely edentulous; if so, an ________ ________ ________is usually present. - obstructing bronchial lesion Representative material for culture of anaerobic organisms can be obtained only by a. transthoracic aspiration b. thoracentesis c. bronchoscopy with a protected brush. d. all of the above - d. all of the above Expectoration is inappropriate. This anaerobic pleuropulmonary infection appears as a thick-walled solitary cavity surrounded by consolidation. a. Empyema b. Necrotizing pna c. Lung abscess d. A and C - c. Lung abscess T or F: Refer all pts with CXR findings consistent with anaerobic pleuropulmonary infection for hospital admission, IV abx, and most likely a chest tube. - True____________ alone is inadequate treatment for anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections because an increasing number of anaerobic organisms produce B-lactamases - PCN Neutropenia and impaired granulocyte function predispose to infections from S aureus, Aspergillus, gram-negative bacilli, and Candida. - ... Knowledge of the underlying immunologic defect and the time course of infection provides clues to the etiology of pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. - ... In the immunocompromised patient a __________ pneumonia is often caused by bacterial infection, whereas an _________ pneumonia is more apt to be caused by viral, fungal, protozoal, or mycobacterial infection. - Fulminant; insidious Pneumonia occurring within 2-4 weeks after organ transplantation is usually __________, whereas several months or more after transplantation P jiroveci, __________and _______ are encountered more often. - Bacterial; viruses; fungi