Microbiology Exam 1- Portage|Already Graded A+
amphipathic phospholipids - ANSThe cell membrane is a bilayer composed primarily of
________ _________, meaning they contain a polar hydrophilic (water loving) head
group and a non-polar hydrophobic (water fearing) tail region.
Animalia - ANSAll microorganisms in this category are heterotrophic, meaning they are
incapable of producing their own energy, must absorb (consume) nutrients from the
environment, and have the general characteristic of motility (the ability to move).
Animalia, plantae, fungi, protista - ANSWhat are the four main classifications of
Eukarya?
archaea - ANSThey are able to survive in extremely harsh environmental conditions
such as high salt levels, acid conditions, high temperatures and oxygen-poor conditions.
capsid - ANSa membrane-like structure that contains genetic material found in viruses
chloroplast - ANS(plants only; site of photosynthesis
Coccus, bacillus, vibrio, spirillum - ANSmain morphologies of bacteria
cytoplasm - ANS
disaccharide - ANSsucrose is an example of a _______
DNA - ANScontains a vast amount of hereditary information and is responsible for the
inheritable characteristics of living organisms
endoplasmic reticulum - ANSsite of protein synthesis
fungi - ANScan be either multicellular or unicellular microorganisms, heterotrophic,
presence of chitin, a derivative of glucose, in their cell walls, ex. yeast or molds and
mushrooms
glycogen - ANSpolysaccharide in animal cells that consists of many glucose monomers
Golgi body - ANS
Golgi complex - ANSresponsible for protein modification and distribution
hydrophilic - ANSthe polar heads are
hydrophobic - ANSthe non polar tails are
inward - ANSThe lipid bilayer is situated in such a way where the non-polar tail groups
face _____
,Microbiology Exam 1- Portage|Already Graded A+
lysosome - ANS
lysosomes - ANSresponsible for waste disposal
macromolecule - ANSclassified as a complex molecule that is composed from smaller
subunits.
mitochondria - ANSresponsible for ATP generation
Mitochondrion - ANS
monosaccharide - ANSGlucose, fructose and galactose are examples of a _____
nuclear envelope - ANS
nuclear pore - ANS
nucleolus - ANS
nucleus - ANS
plantae - ANSmulticellular eukaryotes, obtain most of their energy from sunlight via
photosynthesis
plasma membrane - ANS
polar heads - ANSthe part of the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane that is oriented to
interact with water both outside and inside of the cell.
polysaccharides - ANSare composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
Examples would include, C6H12O6 (glucose) C12H22O11 (sucrose) and C6H10O5
(cellulose).
proteins - ANSfacilitate the movement of materials in or out of a cell. Some can act as
enzymes that catalyze, or speed up, biochemical processes. Others play a structural
role while other proteins, such as filaments, enable movement.
proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates - ANS4 types of macromolecules
protista - ANSunicellular microorganisms that may form as colonies, ex. amoeba, algae,
and mold
purine - ANSadenine or guanine are _____ bases
pyrimidine - ANScytosine or thymine are _____ bases
, Microbiology Exam 1- Portage|Already Graded A+
ribosomes - ANSprotein synthesis organelles
RNA - ANSresponsible for deciphering the hereditary information in DNA and using it to
synthesize proteins.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANS
starch - ANSIn plants, polysaccharides are called
tails - ANSpart
A researcher is looking to determine the source of contamination of a patient that
presented with symptoms of food poisoning. To best determine between E. coli or
Salmonella as the cause, what type of agar will be used to isolate the growth of each? -
ANSDifferential media
Bacteria that have a curved rod morphology are referred to as ______. - ANSVibrio
Briefly explain how a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) forms an
image of subcellular organelles, substrates, and viral particles. - ANSAn image is
formed from the interactions of electrons
as they reflect off (not through) the surface of the specimen.
Samples are coated in either gold or palladium to enhance
electron reflections. The reflection is seen in 3-D rendering.
Describe the ONE main differences between lytic and temperate phages. - ANSLytic
bacteriophages replicate within the host bacteria until it ruptures, whereas temperate (or
lysogenic) phages primarily exist in a non-replicative state that does not kill the host cell.
Describe TWO differences between DNA and RNA. - ANSAny of the following are
acceptable answers: RNA contains the sugar ribose rather than deoxyribose. RNA is
always single-stranded, whereas DNA is double-stranded. While RNA contains the
bases adenine, guanine, and cytosine, it does not utilize the pyrimidine base thymine.
Instead, RNA contains uracil (U), which still pairs with adenine (A).
Each of the following statements about glycolysis is true, except:
- Reactants include glucose, NAD, and ATP
- 2 molecules of ATP are required as reactants
- The net gain is 4 ATP
- Products include pyruvate, NADH, ATP, and H+ - ANSThe net gain is 4 ATP
Each of the following statements about measles, mumps, and rubella is true, except:
- Infect the CNS (central nervous system), leading to temporary or permanent paralysis.
- Spread via airborne particles while coughing, sneezing, etc.
- Caused by linear, single-stranded enveloped RNA virus
- Immunity provided by inoculation with a vaccine - ANSInfect the CNS (central nervous
system), leading to temporary or permanent paralysis.
amphipathic phospholipids - ANSThe cell membrane is a bilayer composed primarily of
________ _________, meaning they contain a polar hydrophilic (water loving) head
group and a non-polar hydrophobic (water fearing) tail region.
Animalia - ANSAll microorganisms in this category are heterotrophic, meaning they are
incapable of producing their own energy, must absorb (consume) nutrients from the
environment, and have the general characteristic of motility (the ability to move).
Animalia, plantae, fungi, protista - ANSWhat are the four main classifications of
Eukarya?
archaea - ANSThey are able to survive in extremely harsh environmental conditions
such as high salt levels, acid conditions, high temperatures and oxygen-poor conditions.
capsid - ANSa membrane-like structure that contains genetic material found in viruses
chloroplast - ANS(plants only; site of photosynthesis
Coccus, bacillus, vibrio, spirillum - ANSmain morphologies of bacteria
cytoplasm - ANS
disaccharide - ANSsucrose is an example of a _______
DNA - ANScontains a vast amount of hereditary information and is responsible for the
inheritable characteristics of living organisms
endoplasmic reticulum - ANSsite of protein synthesis
fungi - ANScan be either multicellular or unicellular microorganisms, heterotrophic,
presence of chitin, a derivative of glucose, in their cell walls, ex. yeast or molds and
mushrooms
glycogen - ANSpolysaccharide in animal cells that consists of many glucose monomers
Golgi body - ANS
Golgi complex - ANSresponsible for protein modification and distribution
hydrophilic - ANSthe polar heads are
hydrophobic - ANSthe non polar tails are
inward - ANSThe lipid bilayer is situated in such a way where the non-polar tail groups
face _____
,Microbiology Exam 1- Portage|Already Graded A+
lysosome - ANS
lysosomes - ANSresponsible for waste disposal
macromolecule - ANSclassified as a complex molecule that is composed from smaller
subunits.
mitochondria - ANSresponsible for ATP generation
Mitochondrion - ANS
monosaccharide - ANSGlucose, fructose and galactose are examples of a _____
nuclear envelope - ANS
nuclear pore - ANS
nucleolus - ANS
nucleus - ANS
plantae - ANSmulticellular eukaryotes, obtain most of their energy from sunlight via
photosynthesis
plasma membrane - ANS
polar heads - ANSthe part of the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane that is oriented to
interact with water both outside and inside of the cell.
polysaccharides - ANSare composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
Examples would include, C6H12O6 (glucose) C12H22O11 (sucrose) and C6H10O5
(cellulose).
proteins - ANSfacilitate the movement of materials in or out of a cell. Some can act as
enzymes that catalyze, or speed up, biochemical processes. Others play a structural
role while other proteins, such as filaments, enable movement.
proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates - ANS4 types of macromolecules
protista - ANSunicellular microorganisms that may form as colonies, ex. amoeba, algae,
and mold
purine - ANSadenine or guanine are _____ bases
pyrimidine - ANScytosine or thymine are _____ bases
, Microbiology Exam 1- Portage|Already Graded A+
ribosomes - ANSprotein synthesis organelles
RNA - ANSresponsible for deciphering the hereditary information in DNA and using it to
synthesize proteins.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANS
starch - ANSIn plants, polysaccharides are called
tails - ANSpart
A researcher is looking to determine the source of contamination of a patient that
presented with symptoms of food poisoning. To best determine between E. coli or
Salmonella as the cause, what type of agar will be used to isolate the growth of each? -
ANSDifferential media
Bacteria that have a curved rod morphology are referred to as ______. - ANSVibrio
Briefly explain how a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) forms an
image of subcellular organelles, substrates, and viral particles. - ANSAn image is
formed from the interactions of electrons
as they reflect off (not through) the surface of the specimen.
Samples are coated in either gold or palladium to enhance
electron reflections. The reflection is seen in 3-D rendering.
Describe the ONE main differences between lytic and temperate phages. - ANSLytic
bacteriophages replicate within the host bacteria until it ruptures, whereas temperate (or
lysogenic) phages primarily exist in a non-replicative state that does not kill the host cell.
Describe TWO differences between DNA and RNA. - ANSAny of the following are
acceptable answers: RNA contains the sugar ribose rather than deoxyribose. RNA is
always single-stranded, whereas DNA is double-stranded. While RNA contains the
bases adenine, guanine, and cytosine, it does not utilize the pyrimidine base thymine.
Instead, RNA contains uracil (U), which still pairs with adenine (A).
Each of the following statements about glycolysis is true, except:
- Reactants include glucose, NAD, and ATP
- 2 molecules of ATP are required as reactants
- The net gain is 4 ATP
- Products include pyruvate, NADH, ATP, and H+ - ANSThe net gain is 4 ATP
Each of the following statements about measles, mumps, and rubella is true, except:
- Infect the CNS (central nervous system), leading to temporary or permanent paralysis.
- Spread via airborne particles while coughing, sneezing, etc.
- Caused by linear, single-stranded enveloped RNA virus
- Immunity provided by inoculation with a vaccine - ANSInfect the CNS (central nervous
system), leading to temporary or permanent paralysis.
