NDHCE BOARD EXAM COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS STUDY GUIDE 2024
UPDATE
Which stage of tooth formation occurs for the primary dentition during the eleventh and
twelfth week of prenatal development?
a. bell stage
b. initiation stage
c. cap stage
d. bud stage
a. bell stage
The eleventh and twelfth week of prenatal development is the fourth stage of
Odontogenesis the Bell Stage
Six permanent molars per dental arch develop from a posterior extension of the dental lamina
What is the angled part of the ameloblast that secretes the enamel matrix?
a. inner enamel epithelium
b. repolarized pre ameloblasts
c. tomes process
d. disintegrating basement membrane.
c. tomes process
The pink labial mucosa or buccal mucosa meets the redder______ at the mucobucccal fold
a. marginal gingiva
b. attached gingiva
c. alveolar mucosa
c. alveolar mucosa
The pink labial mucosa or buccal mucosa meets the redder alveolar mucosa at the mucobuccal
fold deep with the vestibular fornix.
The outer cells of the dental papilla are induced to differentiate during tooth development
a. pulp tissue
b. preameloblasts
c. odontoblasts
d. cementoblasts
c. odontoblasts
Outer cells differentiate into dentin-secreting cells, odontoblasts
The tissue(s) that have nerve innervations are
a. Dentin
b. Pulp and dentin
c. Pulp and periodontal ligaments
d. Cementum
e. All of the above
c. Pulp and periodontal ligaments
,Free, unmyelinated nerve endings of the pulp can sense:
a. hot
b. cold
c. pressure
d. pain
e. all of above
d. pain
The free unmyelinated nerve endings of the pulp tissue can sense pain only. It cannot distinguish
between hot or cold. It cannot distinguish the sensation of pressure. All stimuli are interpreted as
a pain perception. The encapsulated nerve endings are responsible for registering pressure
changes
nonsuccedaneous permanent molars develop from tooth buds that frow from
a. a successional dental lamina
b. primary tooth buds
c.the posterior part of the palatal shelves
d. extension of the primary second molar's dental lamina
d. extension of the primary second molar's dental lamina
What is the connective tissue derived from during prenatal development?
a. ectoderm
b. endoderm
c. neural crest cells
d. mesoderm
d. mesoderm
Enamel ______ forms the crystalline structural units of enamel?
a. Tubles
b. granules
c. rods
d. cuticles
c. rods
The patient's mother was informed that multiple carious lesion caries on her maxillary
molars had progressed into the dentin. Caries in the dentin of the tooth progresses through
the
a. interglobular dentin
b. dentinal tubule
c. secondary dentin
d. predentin
b. dentinal tubule
Bacteria smaller than dentinal tubules enter the tubules and destroy the odontoblastic processes
(dentinal fibers) and follow the course to pulp.
Enamel hypocalcification is a type of enamel dysplasia that involves:
a. an increased number of ameloblasts
b. reduction in the quantity of enamel matrix
c. grooves and pitting on the enamel surface
d. interference in the metabolic
,b. reduction in the quantity of enamel matrix
During 4th week of embryonic life, the tongue develops from several swellings arising on
the internal aspects of the brachial arches 1-4. Which swelling from the body of the tongue.
a. Branchial arch 1
b. branchial arches 2, 3 and part of 4
c. branchial arches 4
d. thyroid gland
A. Branchial arch 1 forms two lateral swellings and one medial swelling (tuberculum impar) to
form the body of the tongue
What histologic structures comprise healthy attached gingiva
a. circular fibers
b. rete pegs
c. connective tissue papilla
d. fibroblasts
e. all of the above.
e. all of the above
A. Gingiva contains circular fiber or circumferential fibers that envelop each tooth separately
within the free gingiva.
B. Attached gingiva is composed of orthokeratinized stratified squamous epithelium. Epithelium
is not vascularized and depends on the underlying connective tissue for nourishment; the
epithelium interfaces with underlying connective tissue to enhance this nourishment. Epithelial
extensions into connective tissue are called ridges or rete pegs. This rete peg arrangement
produces the clinical appearance of stippling.
C. The epithelium interfaces with underlying connective tissue to enhance nourishment.
Connective tissue papillae are the connective tissue extensions into overlying epithelium.
D. Fibroblasts are present in gingival connective tissue; they produce various types of fibers and
synthesize intercellular ground substance.
What type of epithelium comprises attached gingiva?
a. keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
b. nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
c. keratinized simple squamous epithelium
d. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
e. nonkeratinized simple squamous epithelium
a. keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
a cleft lip occurs when the maxillary process fails to fuse with which one of the following
embryonic processes?
a. Palatine process
b. globular process (medial nasal process)
c. lateral nasal process
d. mandibular process
e. opposing maxillary process
b. globular process (medial nasal process)
Cleft lip occurs when the maxillary process fails to fuse with the globular process. The maxillary
process forms the sides of the lip, and the globular process (medial nasal process) forms the
center or philtrum of the lip. A cleft lip can occur on one side (e.g., the right maxillary process
, fails to fuse with the globular process), or on both sides (e.g., the right and left maxillary
processes fail to fuse with the globular process).
Embryonically, the mandible is derived from the
a. stomodeum
b. first branchial arch
c. second branchial arch
d. third branchial arch
b. first branchial arch
The first branchial arch gives rise to a large portion of the face and the intraoral structures. The
mandible is derived from the first branchial arch.
The anterior portion or body, of the tongue, develops from the
a. second branchial arch
b. maxillary process
c. mandibular process
d. globular process (medial nasal process)
e Rathke's pouch
c. mandibular process
The mandibular process gives rise to the body of the tongue. Maxillary processes arise from the
superolateral border of the first branchial arch. Once this occurs, the rest of the first branchial
arch is referred to as the mandibular process. From the mandibular process (first branchial arch),
two lateral swellings and one medial swelling (tuberculum impar) merge to form the body of the
tongue.
Which of the following orofacial structure is located in the midline of the face or neck?
a. Philtrum
b. Submandibular salivary gland
c. Naris and ala
d. Parotid Salivary gland
a. Philtrum
The nasal septum is a vertical groove on the midline of the upper lip
Continuous replacement of cells is characteristic of which type of epithelium?
a. simple squamous
b. stratified squamous
c. Pseudo-stratified columnar
d. Stratified transitional
b. stratified squamous Continuous replace of cells is a characteristic of stratified squamous
epithelium. The cells of the basal layer constantly under mitosis, and the surface cells slough off
as new cells move to the surface.
When a cleft of the alveolar process is prevented it occurs between the
a. first and second premolars
b. central incisors
c. lateral incisors and canine
d. canine and first premolars
c. lateral incisors and canine
A cleft of the alveolar ridge results from the lack of fusion of the premaxilla, which forms the
anterior portion of the palate and gives rise to the maxillary incisors, and of the lateral palatine
processes (palatal shelves), which give rise to the posterior two thirds of the hard palate and
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS STUDY GUIDE 2024
UPDATE
Which stage of tooth formation occurs for the primary dentition during the eleventh and
twelfth week of prenatal development?
a. bell stage
b. initiation stage
c. cap stage
d. bud stage
a. bell stage
The eleventh and twelfth week of prenatal development is the fourth stage of
Odontogenesis the Bell Stage
Six permanent molars per dental arch develop from a posterior extension of the dental lamina
What is the angled part of the ameloblast that secretes the enamel matrix?
a. inner enamel epithelium
b. repolarized pre ameloblasts
c. tomes process
d. disintegrating basement membrane.
c. tomes process
The pink labial mucosa or buccal mucosa meets the redder______ at the mucobucccal fold
a. marginal gingiva
b. attached gingiva
c. alveolar mucosa
c. alveolar mucosa
The pink labial mucosa or buccal mucosa meets the redder alveolar mucosa at the mucobuccal
fold deep with the vestibular fornix.
The outer cells of the dental papilla are induced to differentiate during tooth development
a. pulp tissue
b. preameloblasts
c. odontoblasts
d. cementoblasts
c. odontoblasts
Outer cells differentiate into dentin-secreting cells, odontoblasts
The tissue(s) that have nerve innervations are
a. Dentin
b. Pulp and dentin
c. Pulp and periodontal ligaments
d. Cementum
e. All of the above
c. Pulp and periodontal ligaments
,Free, unmyelinated nerve endings of the pulp can sense:
a. hot
b. cold
c. pressure
d. pain
e. all of above
d. pain
The free unmyelinated nerve endings of the pulp tissue can sense pain only. It cannot distinguish
between hot or cold. It cannot distinguish the sensation of pressure. All stimuli are interpreted as
a pain perception. The encapsulated nerve endings are responsible for registering pressure
changes
nonsuccedaneous permanent molars develop from tooth buds that frow from
a. a successional dental lamina
b. primary tooth buds
c.the posterior part of the palatal shelves
d. extension of the primary second molar's dental lamina
d. extension of the primary second molar's dental lamina
What is the connective tissue derived from during prenatal development?
a. ectoderm
b. endoderm
c. neural crest cells
d. mesoderm
d. mesoderm
Enamel ______ forms the crystalline structural units of enamel?
a. Tubles
b. granules
c. rods
d. cuticles
c. rods
The patient's mother was informed that multiple carious lesion caries on her maxillary
molars had progressed into the dentin. Caries in the dentin of the tooth progresses through
the
a. interglobular dentin
b. dentinal tubule
c. secondary dentin
d. predentin
b. dentinal tubule
Bacteria smaller than dentinal tubules enter the tubules and destroy the odontoblastic processes
(dentinal fibers) and follow the course to pulp.
Enamel hypocalcification is a type of enamel dysplasia that involves:
a. an increased number of ameloblasts
b. reduction in the quantity of enamel matrix
c. grooves and pitting on the enamel surface
d. interference in the metabolic
,b. reduction in the quantity of enamel matrix
During 4th week of embryonic life, the tongue develops from several swellings arising on
the internal aspects of the brachial arches 1-4. Which swelling from the body of the tongue.
a. Branchial arch 1
b. branchial arches 2, 3 and part of 4
c. branchial arches 4
d. thyroid gland
A. Branchial arch 1 forms two lateral swellings and one medial swelling (tuberculum impar) to
form the body of the tongue
What histologic structures comprise healthy attached gingiva
a. circular fibers
b. rete pegs
c. connective tissue papilla
d. fibroblasts
e. all of the above.
e. all of the above
A. Gingiva contains circular fiber or circumferential fibers that envelop each tooth separately
within the free gingiva.
B. Attached gingiva is composed of orthokeratinized stratified squamous epithelium. Epithelium
is not vascularized and depends on the underlying connective tissue for nourishment; the
epithelium interfaces with underlying connective tissue to enhance this nourishment. Epithelial
extensions into connective tissue are called ridges or rete pegs. This rete peg arrangement
produces the clinical appearance of stippling.
C. The epithelium interfaces with underlying connective tissue to enhance nourishment.
Connective tissue papillae are the connective tissue extensions into overlying epithelium.
D. Fibroblasts are present in gingival connective tissue; they produce various types of fibers and
synthesize intercellular ground substance.
What type of epithelium comprises attached gingiva?
a. keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
b. nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
c. keratinized simple squamous epithelium
d. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
e. nonkeratinized simple squamous epithelium
a. keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
a cleft lip occurs when the maxillary process fails to fuse with which one of the following
embryonic processes?
a. Palatine process
b. globular process (medial nasal process)
c. lateral nasal process
d. mandibular process
e. opposing maxillary process
b. globular process (medial nasal process)
Cleft lip occurs when the maxillary process fails to fuse with the globular process. The maxillary
process forms the sides of the lip, and the globular process (medial nasal process) forms the
center or philtrum of the lip. A cleft lip can occur on one side (e.g., the right maxillary process
, fails to fuse with the globular process), or on both sides (e.g., the right and left maxillary
processes fail to fuse with the globular process).
Embryonically, the mandible is derived from the
a. stomodeum
b. first branchial arch
c. second branchial arch
d. third branchial arch
b. first branchial arch
The first branchial arch gives rise to a large portion of the face and the intraoral structures. The
mandible is derived from the first branchial arch.
The anterior portion or body, of the tongue, develops from the
a. second branchial arch
b. maxillary process
c. mandibular process
d. globular process (medial nasal process)
e Rathke's pouch
c. mandibular process
The mandibular process gives rise to the body of the tongue. Maxillary processes arise from the
superolateral border of the first branchial arch. Once this occurs, the rest of the first branchial
arch is referred to as the mandibular process. From the mandibular process (first branchial arch),
two lateral swellings and one medial swelling (tuberculum impar) merge to form the body of the
tongue.
Which of the following orofacial structure is located in the midline of the face or neck?
a. Philtrum
b. Submandibular salivary gland
c. Naris and ala
d. Parotid Salivary gland
a. Philtrum
The nasal septum is a vertical groove on the midline of the upper lip
Continuous replacement of cells is characteristic of which type of epithelium?
a. simple squamous
b. stratified squamous
c. Pseudo-stratified columnar
d. Stratified transitional
b. stratified squamous Continuous replace of cells is a characteristic of stratified squamous
epithelium. The cells of the basal layer constantly under mitosis, and the surface cells slough off
as new cells move to the surface.
When a cleft of the alveolar process is prevented it occurs between the
a. first and second premolars
b. central incisors
c. lateral incisors and canine
d. canine and first premolars
c. lateral incisors and canine
A cleft of the alveolar ridge results from the lack of fusion of the premaxilla, which forms the
anterior portion of the palate and gives rise to the maxillary incisors, and of the lateral palatine
processes (palatal shelves), which give rise to the posterior two thirds of the hard palate and
