Biology 235: Exam 3 Questions With 100%
Correct Answers
Nonspecific Resistance (Innate Immunity)
present at birth; includes defense mechanisms that provide general protection against invasion by a
wide range of pathogens
Immunity (Adaptive Immunity)
involves activation of specific lymphocytes that combat a particular pathogen
lymphatic system
the body system that carries out immune responses is the ____________ ______________.
innate immunity
refers to a wide variety of body responses that serve to protect us against invasion of a wide variety
of pathogens and their toxins
1. Skin and Mucous Membrane
2. Internal Defenses
What are the two lines of defense in innate immunity?
Mechanical Defenses
1st line of defense (Innate Immunity)
Skin, mucous membranes, tears, saliva, mucous, cilia, epiglottis, urine flow, defecation, vomiting
Chemical Defenses
1st line of dense (Innate Immunity)
Sebum, lysozyme, gastric juice, etc.
Internal Defenses
2nd line of defense (Innate immunity)
Antimicrobial proteins, phagocytes (macrophages & neutrophils), NK cells, inflammatory response,
fever
INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE
A. Histamine
B. Increased
C. Inflammation
D. Spreading
E. Fighting
F. Neutrophils
In response to injury, basophils (in blood) and mast cells (in tissues) derived from basophils release
_______A_______, which causes vasodilation and ______B______ permeability of blood vessels.
Fluid leaks into tissues, causing local _____C_____ and warmth in the tissue. Inflammation walls of
the infection which prevents it from _____D_____. Warmth increases the metabolism of WBCs that
, are ______E_____ the infection. Chemicals released in the infected tissue attract phagocytes cells
(macrophages and _____F____) to move into the tissue from the bloodstream.
adaptive immunity
is the ability of the body to defend itself against specific invading agents
A. Antigens
B. Viruses
in adaptive immunity:
_____A_____ are chemicals that provoke immune responses
_____A_____ can be molecules (proteins), on the cell surface component of _____B____, and
bacterial toxins
1. Cell-mediated: Cytotoxic T Cell lymphocytes
2. Antibody-mediated: B cell lymphocytes
adaptive immunity has both specificity and memory and is divided into 2 types. What are they?
Cell-mediated: Cytotoxic T Cell lymphocytes
adaptive immunity:
attack virally infected cells and cancer cells
Antibody-mediated: B cell lymphocytes
adaptive immunity
respond to specific infections by developing into antibody producing plasma cells
memory
_____________ T cells and B cells "remember" the infections if the body is infected again by the same
pathogen
cytokines
helper t cells produce __________ that activate cytotoxic T cells, B cells and other parts of the
immune system
A. T
B. B
memory _____A_____ cells and ____B____ cells give the body adaptive immunity to specific viral and
bacterial infections
plasma
B cell lymphocytes become __________ cells, which produce antibodies that attach to antigens on
pathogens
AIDS
is a condition in which a person experiences an assortment of infections due to the progressive
destruction of primarily helper T cells by HIV
Correct Answers
Nonspecific Resistance (Innate Immunity)
present at birth; includes defense mechanisms that provide general protection against invasion by a
wide range of pathogens
Immunity (Adaptive Immunity)
involves activation of specific lymphocytes that combat a particular pathogen
lymphatic system
the body system that carries out immune responses is the ____________ ______________.
innate immunity
refers to a wide variety of body responses that serve to protect us against invasion of a wide variety
of pathogens and their toxins
1. Skin and Mucous Membrane
2. Internal Defenses
What are the two lines of defense in innate immunity?
Mechanical Defenses
1st line of defense (Innate Immunity)
Skin, mucous membranes, tears, saliva, mucous, cilia, epiglottis, urine flow, defecation, vomiting
Chemical Defenses
1st line of dense (Innate Immunity)
Sebum, lysozyme, gastric juice, etc.
Internal Defenses
2nd line of defense (Innate immunity)
Antimicrobial proteins, phagocytes (macrophages & neutrophils), NK cells, inflammatory response,
fever
INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE
A. Histamine
B. Increased
C. Inflammation
D. Spreading
E. Fighting
F. Neutrophils
In response to injury, basophils (in blood) and mast cells (in tissues) derived from basophils release
_______A_______, which causes vasodilation and ______B______ permeability of blood vessels.
Fluid leaks into tissues, causing local _____C_____ and warmth in the tissue. Inflammation walls of
the infection which prevents it from _____D_____. Warmth increases the metabolism of WBCs that
, are ______E_____ the infection. Chemicals released in the infected tissue attract phagocytes cells
(macrophages and _____F____) to move into the tissue from the bloodstream.
adaptive immunity
is the ability of the body to defend itself against specific invading agents
A. Antigens
B. Viruses
in adaptive immunity:
_____A_____ are chemicals that provoke immune responses
_____A_____ can be molecules (proteins), on the cell surface component of _____B____, and
bacterial toxins
1. Cell-mediated: Cytotoxic T Cell lymphocytes
2. Antibody-mediated: B cell lymphocytes
adaptive immunity has both specificity and memory and is divided into 2 types. What are they?
Cell-mediated: Cytotoxic T Cell lymphocytes
adaptive immunity:
attack virally infected cells and cancer cells
Antibody-mediated: B cell lymphocytes
adaptive immunity
respond to specific infections by developing into antibody producing plasma cells
memory
_____________ T cells and B cells "remember" the infections if the body is infected again by the same
pathogen
cytokines
helper t cells produce __________ that activate cytotoxic T cells, B cells and other parts of the
immune system
A. T
B. B
memory _____A_____ cells and ____B____ cells give the body adaptive immunity to specific viral and
bacterial infections
plasma
B cell lymphocytes become __________ cells, which produce antibodies that attach to antigens on
pathogens
AIDS
is a condition in which a person experiences an assortment of infections due to the progressive
destruction of primarily helper T cells by HIV
