National Party Victory 2
Significance of Sophiatown 1955 3
Significance of Sharpeville 1960 4
Effect of opposition to Apartheid 5
Effect of Apartheid legislation/policies 6
What was the impact of the main government policies against opposition groups? 7
Why was there little effective resistance to Sophiatown evictions? 9
Assess the impact of ANC/Mandela in the apartheid opposition movement. 9
To what extent was Mandela the greatest contributor to the apartheid opposition? 10
, National Party Victory
Impact
Although the 1948 apartheid policies of the National Party were mainly a continuation of
previous segregationist politics, the National Party victory marked a decisive change as it
proved the willingness to entrench racism into society, severed political ties with Britain and
made race a central concern.
1. Race a central concern
○ Shift in ideology: national party justifications for apartheid
○ Central on race and racial development, civilisation, development of separate
racial identities for the benefit of the nation
○ Whites dominion over south africa and its land
○ Would later give rise to Group Areas Act, the creation and promotion of
Bantustans, the self-Government act
○ However this was not a diversion from the past, merely engraved these
ideologies more clearly - Ivan Evans
○ Evidence of segregationist policies pre-1948:
● 1911: Native Regulations Act
○ Made it compulsory to have a pass book
○ Repression
● 1936: Representation of Natives Act
○ Disenfranchisement in the Cape
● 1927: Native Administration Act
○ Native Affairs Department to run all african affairs
○ Control
2. Will to legitimize racism through legislation and stretching the constitution - William
Beinart
○ What did change, was the extent the supporters of apartheid were willing to go
to enshrine racism in law
○ Made clear 3 years after election, 1951 Separate Representation Voters Act
■ Constitutional crisis: removed vote for black south africans, however
this was secured by the 1910 constitution
■ National party found loopholes in the system: received majority in
each house of parliament separately rather than combined
■ United party contested its legality, however the national party
introduced a new law which repealed any appeal court judgement-
justified it by insisting the 1910 constitution was a product of british
colonialism
3. International affairs
Significance of Sophiatown 1955 3
Significance of Sharpeville 1960 4
Effect of opposition to Apartheid 5
Effect of Apartheid legislation/policies 6
What was the impact of the main government policies against opposition groups? 7
Why was there little effective resistance to Sophiatown evictions? 9
Assess the impact of ANC/Mandela in the apartheid opposition movement. 9
To what extent was Mandela the greatest contributor to the apartheid opposition? 10
, National Party Victory
Impact
Although the 1948 apartheid policies of the National Party were mainly a continuation of
previous segregationist politics, the National Party victory marked a decisive change as it
proved the willingness to entrench racism into society, severed political ties with Britain and
made race a central concern.
1. Race a central concern
○ Shift in ideology: national party justifications for apartheid
○ Central on race and racial development, civilisation, development of separate
racial identities for the benefit of the nation
○ Whites dominion over south africa and its land
○ Would later give rise to Group Areas Act, the creation and promotion of
Bantustans, the self-Government act
○ However this was not a diversion from the past, merely engraved these
ideologies more clearly - Ivan Evans
○ Evidence of segregationist policies pre-1948:
● 1911: Native Regulations Act
○ Made it compulsory to have a pass book
○ Repression
● 1936: Representation of Natives Act
○ Disenfranchisement in the Cape
● 1927: Native Administration Act
○ Native Affairs Department to run all african affairs
○ Control
2. Will to legitimize racism through legislation and stretching the constitution - William
Beinart
○ What did change, was the extent the supporters of apartheid were willing to go
to enshrine racism in law
○ Made clear 3 years after election, 1951 Separate Representation Voters Act
■ Constitutional crisis: removed vote for black south africans, however
this was secured by the 1910 constitution
■ National party found loopholes in the system: received majority in
each house of parliament separately rather than combined
■ United party contested its legality, however the national party
introduced a new law which repealed any appeal court judgement-
justified it by insisting the 1910 constitution was a product of british
colonialism
3. International affairs
