Pathophysiology EXAM 4 UTA 2024 Questions and Correct Solutions

Pathophysiology EXAM 4 UTA 2024 Questions and Correct Solutions pituitary gland - Answer -The endocrine system's most influential gland. Under the influence of the hypothalamus, the pituitary Is MASTER GLAND and regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands. ACTH, TSH and ADH important in this unit. ACTH - Answer -Adrenocorticotropic hormone- stimulates the action of adrenal gland to secrete glucocorticoids like cortisol. ADH - Answer -antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) that works on Kidney and smooth muscles. Part of RAAS. Causes vasoconstriction and reabsorption of H2O TSH - Answer -thyroid stimulating hormone that acts on the thyroid gland. Stimulates T3, T4, calcitonin and Thyroxine. Diabetes Insipidus - Answer -Caused by hyposecretion of ADH which causes little to no reabsorption of H2O. Results in polyuria, increased thirst, high B osmolarity which results in general signs of dehydration. diabetes insipidus etiology - Answer -Two possible 1. Kidneys no longer respond to ADH 2. Brain no longer secretion or lessening of secretions (maybe tumor or edema) SIADH - Answer -syndrome of inappropriate hyper antidiuretic hormone. That causes excess retention of water resulting in BP increase (increased stroke volume), generalized edema. SIADH etiology - Answer -1. Drugs-- especially anesthetics 2. Trauma; brain tumor etc... 3. Neoplastic disease ; ectopic production of hormone T3 and T4 function - Answer -metabolism Calcitonin function - Answer -Lowers blood calcium levels by triggering uptake in bones. Hyperthyroidism - Answer -excessive activity of the thyroid gland that can be due to cancer autoimmune dz or overactive pituitary. Hyperthyroidism autoimmune - Answer -Grave's dz Hyperthyroidism labs - Answer -T3, T4 and and TSHS/S of hyperthyroidism - Answer -Same as hypermetabolism... agitated, exopthalmus, nervous, diarrhea, hot, ^HR, ^BP, thin, hyperactive