AMEDD Anatomy and Physiology Course Exam Questions and Answers

AMEDD Anatomy and Physiology Course Exam Questions and Answers Anatomy can be defined as the study of which of the following? - Answer- Parts of the body Which of the following correctly describes the anatomical position of the human body? - Answer- Head is level, eyes directed anteriorly; feet flat on the floor and parallel; toes pointed anteriorly; upper limbs at sides of the body with palms facing anteriorly. Homeostasis is the ___1__ of the body's internal environment. The nervous system uses electrical signals called___2____ to transmit instructions that help bring back equilibrium. The endocrine system does the same by using glands to send out molecular messengers known as ____3___. The nervous and endocrine system maintain homeostasis by triggering ___4___. - Answer- 1. equilibrium 2. nerve impulses 3. hormones 4. feedback systems Which of the following components of a feedback system receives information regarding a desired response? - Answer- Effector A positive feedback system does which of the following? - Answer- Strengthens or reinforces a change in a controlled condition In a negative feedback system in which high blood pressure is detected and reduced to restore homeostasis, which of the following steps represents the action of effectors? - Answer- Heart rate slows and blood vessels dilate, decreasing blood pressure. Chemical Level - Answer- Includes atoms and molecules cellular level - Answer- includes cells, which are composed of chemicals and molecules tissue level - Answer- includes groups of cells and the material surrounding them organ level - Answer- composed of two or more different types of tissues system level - Answer- includes related organs with a common function organism level - Answer- complete organism including all levels In order from smallest to largest - Answer- chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism a human stomach is an example of which of the following structural levels of organization - Answer- organ Which of the following major chemical elements makes up most of the total human body mass? - Answer- Oxygen Which of the following is one of the body's trace elements - Answer- Nitrogen Which of the four major chemical elements in the body forms backbone chains and rings of all organic molecules - Answer- Carbon What is the property of water that is described as the uneven sharing of valence electrons, which confers a partial negative charge near the one oxygen atom and two partial positive charges near the two hydrogen atoms in the molecule - Answer- polarity What property of water makes it an ideal medium for metabolic reactions since it dissolves so many different substances? - Answer- solvent What do enzymes do in the human body to speed up chemical reactions - Answer- Increase the activation energy need for reaction What are the smallest units of matter that retain the properties and characteristics of a chemical element such as oxygen - Answer- atoms Which of the cells main parts is a large organelle that houses most of the cells deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) - Answer- Endoplasmic reticulum What organelles produce most of the energy needed for cellular function - Answer- mitochondria What structure within a cell allows the selective transport of large molecules such as proteins to move between the nucleus and cytoplasm? - Answer- plasma membrane what term is used to describe the development of a cell