Anatomy & Physiology ~ Urinary System Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass

Anatomy & Physiology ~ Urinary System Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass What is the function of the urinary system? - Answer- To remove metabolic wastes from the blood and direct the waste out of the body. Filters blood and creates waste What are the urinary system organs? - Answer- Kidneys, 2. Ureters, 2. Urinary bladder, 1. Urethra, 1. What do the kidneys do? - Answer- Filter blood and produce urine What do the ureters do? - Answer- Transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder What does the urinary bladder do? - Answer- temporarily stores urine What does the urethra do? - Answer- Transports urine from the bladder out of the body. What do the kidneys look like and where are they located? - Answer- Reddish-brown, bean shaped. Located high on the posterior abdominal wall. Retroperitoneal/behind the peritoneal lining. Right kidney lies just below the left. About the size of a bar of soap. What is a renal capsule? - Answer- Tough, fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the kidney What is the renal cortex? - Answer- Outer portion of the kidney What is the renal medulla? - Answer- Inner portion of kidney What are the renal pyramids? - Answer- cone-shaped masses of tissue in the renal medulla. What are renal columns? - Answer- area of medulla in between pyramids What is the renal pelvis? - Answer- Superior end of ureter which is expanded to form a funnel/renal sinus What is a renal papillae - Answer- tip of renal pyramid What are minor calyces? - Answer- small cup-like structures which receive urine from papillae What are major calyces? - Answer- larger cup-like structures which receive urine from the minor calyces. What are ureters? - Answer- Tubes leading away from the kidneys What is the hilum? - Answer- Medial indentation. Contains entry/exit for renal blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels, and ureter. What does the kidney remove? - Answer- Metabolic wastes. Filters approximately 200 liters of blood every day What do the kidneys excrete? - Answer- metabolic wastes from the body What do the kidneys maintain? - Answer- Blood volume (ADH), blood composition, blood pH. What do the kidneys regulate? - Answer- Blood pressure/enzyme renin