PSY 110 Exam 1 Questions and Answers 100% Pass

PSY 110 Exam 1 Questions and Answers 100% Pass Biological/ Physiological psychology are the study of... - Answer- the brain, the nervous system, genetics, and effects of medication on behavior Cognitive psychology - Answer- study of mental processes: memory, thinking, and decision making Developmental psychology - Answer- Study of change over the life span Social psychology - Answer- Study of psychological disorders: causes, treatment, prevention What are the 7 steps of studying human behavior? - Answer- 1. Develop a research question 2. Use theory to generate plausible answers 3. State a hypothesis(testable prediction) 4. Develop operational definitions 5. Select participants 6. Test hypothesis by gathering data 7. Draw Conclusion operational definitions - Answer- Specify exactly how variables are measured or quantified. Example: lot of sugar, 20 grams per day recorded in food diary. Must be precise. Allows other to replicate the study. Select participant - Answer- A). population: whole group of interest B). sample: select group of cases form the population C). Random sample: everyone in population has an equal chance or being selected What are the four kinds of non-experimental research methods? - Answer- 1). Naturalistic observations 2). Case Study 3). Surveys 4). Correlation Study naturalistic observation - Answer- watch and record behavior in natural environment Case study - Answer- study of one or a few individuals, necessary when population is small, but participants may be a-typical. A major advantage is it provides detailed information. A disadvantage if that it is time consuming and not general enough for the public. it only pertains to the one subject. Surveys - Answer- questions ppl via paper, computer, or interview. Economical, practical. Sometimes the only way to get data. Warning: self- reports may be inaccurate Correlational study - Answer- Measure (collect data on) 2 or more variables. See how variables are related by calculating a correlation coefficient. Non experimental methods - Answer- do not involve manipulation of variables and cannot confirm causation Experimental method - Answer- manipulate one variable and study the effects on another variable Independent variable - Answer- variable that is manipulated, its effects on another variable is being studied Dependent variable - Answer- variable that is not directly manipulated expected to change in response to independent variable What is the difference between the experimental group and control group and placebo group? - Answer- Experimental- exposed to some manipulation of the independent variable Control- receives no treatment a comparison group Placebo- inactive condition, used to rule out expectancy effects Examples of bias (two) - Answer- Sample bias: recruit multiple samples and do not over generalize Wording bias: phrase same idea in many different ways and expectancy effects Expectancy effects - Answer- behavior changes that occur because participants or researchers expect them. An example is the placebo effect Double blind study - Answer- neither researcher nor participants know who is in control and experimental group. REsearcher ethics: - Answer- 1). research involving humans or