PLSC 001 Exam 1 PSU Questions and Answers 100% Pass

PLSC 001 Exam 1 PSU Questions and Answers 100% Pass Government - Answer- Any system for implementing decisions made through a political process Politics - Answer- Process of determining what government does Philosophy - Answer- the study of the fundamental nature of reality, knowledge, and how to live (also translated to the love of wisdom) Political Philosophy (Theory) - Answer- part of ethics, ethics applied to groups of people. Asks what the government should be doing. Metaphysics - Answer- study of what is real Epistemology - Answer- study of knowledge itself, how do we know? Ethics - Answer- how to live, what should we do? The Divine Right of Kings - Answer- -Kings had power because of God -citizens listened to. kings bc of fear of damnation Anarchy/Anarchism - Answer- belief that any form of government is unjust Renaissance Period - Answer- People began questioning the divine right of kings during this period Social Contract Theory - Answer- a way to justify government without God; government is a contract between the governed and the government Thomas Hobbes - Answer- -An English philosopher living during the English Civil War; he hated violence -believed in government formed for safety The Leviathan - Answer- Hobbes' book; used social contract theory to justify existence of government and king "Nasty, Brutish, and Short" - Answer- Thomas Hobbes believes that life in the State of Nature (without government) is "Solitary, Poor, ________, ________, and _________" which means we should never go against a ruler and their power should be unlimited. John Locke - Answer- -Social contract theorist -people are born with natural rights -believed in government formed to protect natural rights State of Nature - Answer- a condition in which no governments or laws existed at all Jean-Jacques Rousseau - Answer- -social contract theorist -believed both Hobbes and Locke were wrong -no government=good -government is for the rich Collective Action Problem - Answer- anytime a group wants to accomplish a common goal but every individual has incentive to not contribute (we would all benefit from a public good but no one would want to pay taxes to fund this good) Public Good - Answer- something everyone can benefit from Free Rider Problem - Answer- not doing anything and taking advantage of what others did Classical Period/Era - Answer- -5th century BC -Aristotle Middle Ages - Answer- Monarchy - Answer- rule of one, far left of spectrum Oligarchy - Answer- rule of the few, middle of the spectrum Democracy - Answer- rule of the many, far right of the spectrum Selection by lot - Answer- -How Greeks chose their legislators, by a lottery system -did this so no one would have an unfair advantage/disadvantage Republic - Answer- system of government where citizens choose representatives to govern on their behalf SPQR - Answer- Senatus Populusque Romanus (The Senate and the People of Rome) Stamp Act - Answer- -The king imposed a tax on paper goods in the colonies -First spark of the revolution -they. were upset about being taxed without representation Boston Tea Party - Answer- after the King taxed tea, colonists snuck onto ships and dumped tea into the harbor Intolerable Acts - Answer- -King passed them to punish colonists 1) Colonists had to pay for tea dumped 2) Took power from the colonies' local governments and gave it to royal government 3) Quartering act 4) If a British official commits crime in the colonies they will be tried in England Quartering Act - Answer- Colonists had to house British soldiers First Continental Congress - Answer- -12 out of 13 colonies met to discuss the Intolerable Acts -Decided to embargo (refuse to trade with Britain) -The king responded by not allowing them to trade with other countries Second Continental Congress - Answer- -Founders decided enough was enough and wrote the Declaration of Independence 1776 - Answer- Declaration of Independence Declaration of Independence - Answer- -Colonies broke up with the king -Put Locke philosophy into action (government exists to protect natural rig