POAT Midterm Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass

POAT Midterm Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass what is an orthosis? - Answer- an externally applied device to a part of the body to correct deformity, improve function or relieve symptoms of a disease Purposes for orthotic prescription: - Answer- -Improve performance of functional activities -Improve mobility -Deformity prevention -Correction of deformity -Immobilization/Control/Protection -Regulating or reducing muscle tone -Stabilizing weak/flaccid muscles When does someone need a temporary orthoses? - Answer- -Short term uses: healing, function/training aid, contracture prevention -Usually a generic fit, less costly When does someone need a definitive orthoses? - Answer- -When the patient is mechanically and physiologically stable and permanent benefit is needed -Usually custom fit, more costly (fixed/dynamic) deformities cannot be passively corrected - Answer- fixed (fixed/dynamic) deformities result from over-activity of muscle tendon groups but when at rest are passively correctable - Answer- dynamic -- can also develop in adjacent joints in response to coupling effects of deformities above or below What are the 2 correction control systems utilized by LE orthoses? - Answer- GRF control system 3-point pressure control system What kind of lever system do orthoses generally act in? - Answer- first class lever When considering levers and contact areas on an orthosis, what type of lever and contact creates the smallest local skin pressure? - Answer- Long levers + large contact How does knee valgus affect GRF? - Answer- Creates a larger adduction moment -- use knee unloader brace to reduce this (true/false) ACL brace is a 3 point control system - Answer- false- 4 point -Posterior femur -Anterior femur (proximal) -Posterior tibia -Anterior tibia (proximal) What is an orthotic material that lasts forever? - Answer- stainless steel What is "shore durometer"? - Answer- A measurement of a material's hardness or ability to resist permanent indentation Range 35-60 durometer for a running shoe What else should we consider in orthotics? - Answer- 1. Sensitivity of skin and underlying tissues 2. Ventilation, skin maceration, hygiene 3. Device weight/mass distribution What kind of orthoses has no moveable joints incorporated into the design? - Answer- static -- blocks motions and alters local pressure What kind of orthoses has moveable joints? - Answer- dynamic -- blocks/controls selected motions, supports weak muscles, increase motion via traction Why would someone choose a stability shoe? - Answer- Sub talar joint medial control/protection Why would someone choose a motion control shoe? - Answer- medial and lateral subtalar joint and metatarsal joint protection Why would someone choose a neutral shoe? - Answer- cushioning/shock absorption, not designed for control What are 3 tests to determine any shoes functional stability characteristics? - Answer- 1. Torsional Rigidity (twist shoe) 2. Heel counter stiffness/rigidity (squeeze heel) 3. Flexion stability (bend up toe) What are the prerequisites for upright standing? - Answer- -A plantigrade feet