Prothetics, Orthotics. EXAM (POAT) Questions and Answers

Prothetics, Orthotics. EXAM (POAT) Questions and Answers What is the participation criteria for the use of an ambulation trial for a bilateral KAFO? - Answer- No contractures in hip flexors, knee flexors, or ankle plantar flexors SLR from 0-110 degrees Independent in all transfers including w/c to floor Max VO2 is 20 ml/kg/min 50 continuous full dips in parallel bars Foot orthoses should be modular, what does this mean? - Answer- They should be modified based on patient impairments What are the 3 main concepts in Orthotics and Prothetic Rehab process? - Answer- Pressure Tolerances Moments and Force transmissions Alignment of Joint Axes What is Force? - Answer- Mass x Acceleration What is Torque? - Answer- Moments of force X Moment arm length What is pressure? - Answer- Force/Area What is linear static/dynamic equilibrium? - Answer- Sum of the forces and how they are balanced. Resultant forces need to occur with movements Define Orthosis? - Answer- An external applied device applied to a part of the body to correct deformity, improve function or relieve symptoms of disease What is the purpose of an orthosis? - Answer- Device which support or assists the musculo-neuro-skeletal system What are the 7 Fundamental purposes of Orthotic prescription? - Answer- Improve performance of functional activities Improve/enhance mobility Deformity prevention: primary and secondary Correction of passively modifiable deformity Immobilization/Control/protection Regulating or reducing muscle tone Stabilizing weak or flaccid muscles What are the 3 main orthotic design purposes? - Answer- Control Movement Assist Movement Combination of both. **Should be able to control in 1 plane and assist in another** What are the main types of involvement with PTs and Orthoses? - Answer- Assessment for identified purposes Evaluation of fit Education in orthotic fit and training in use Assessment and quantification of functional benefits and uses What is the difference between Temporary vs. Definitive Orthoses? - Answer- Temporary: "Off the Shelf" Non-specific, short term use for Healing, Function, contracture prevention Generic fit Usually costs less Assess functional benefits/systems and practical applications Definitive: When permanent benefit is needed Mechanically and Physiologically stable Custom fit Costly What are the characteristics of a Temporary Orthoses? - Answer- "Off the Shelf" Non-specific, and usually costs less: Short term use for Healing, Function, Contracture prevention Generic fit Assess functional benefits/systems and practical applications What are the characteristics of a Definitive Orthoses? - Answer- Permanent benefit is needed Mechanically and Physiologically stable Custom fit Costly What are the 3 main area of mechanics for prosthetic intervention? - Answer- Forces and Moments Tissue Pressure tolerances Joint axes Alignment What is the difference between Fixed deformities vs. Dynamic Deformities? - Answer- Fixed Deformity: Can not be passively corrected Dynamic deformity: Result from over-activity of muscle tendon groups but when at rest are passively correctable *Can also develop in adjacent joints in response to coupling effects of de