NSC Advanced First Aid, CPR & AED Exam Questions with Verified Answers Latest | Graded A+.

NSC Advanced First Aid, CPR & AED Exam Questions with Verified Answers Latest | Graded A+. Goals of First Aid - ANSWER 1. Keep victim alive 2. Prevent victim's condition from getting worse 3. Help promote early recovery 4. Ensure victim receives appropriate medical care Consent - ANSWER Need to have victim's consent before using first aid Types of consent - ANSWER Expressed and Implied Expressed consent - ANSWER Responsive victim communicates consent, can include head nods Implied consent - ANSWER Unresponsive or child's parent not present or reached Refusing consent - ANSWER Victim can refuse consent - if they go unresponsive consent is now implied Get second witness to refusal Scope of care - ANSWER Set of first aid techniques learned in first aid course Standard of Care - ANSWER Care expected from any trained EMT under similar circumstances Abandoment - ANSWER If you leave victim and injury or illness becomes worse Justified reasons: Exhaustion, imminent danger, or replacement comes (equal or higher skill level) Confidentiality - ANSWER Only give victim's information to the treating medical professionals Infectious Diseases Transmitted - ANSWER 1. Someone has infection 2. Infection leaves body 3. Infection reaches another person, enters body (through blood) 4. Second person develops infection NSC Advanced First Aid, CPR & AED Exam Questions with Verified Answers Latest Bloodborne Diseases - ANSWER 1. HIV 2. Hep B (Has vaccine) 3. Hep C Protection against bloodborne diseases - ANSWER use gloves Steps in an Emergency - ANSWER 1. Recognize the emergency 2. Check the scene 3. Check the victim 4. Call 9-1-1 5. Give first aid 6. Have victim seek medical attention 10 Body Systems - ANSWER 1. Respiratory 2. Cardiovascular 3. Nervous 4. Musculoskeletal 5. Integumentary 6. Gastrointestinal 7. Endocrine 8. Immune 9. Urinary 10. Reproductive Assessment - ANSWER 1. Initial assessment 2. Secondary assessment 3. Monitor for change Initial Assessment - ANSWER Check for life-threatening conditions Move only if - immediate danger or cannot give lifesaving care How to check for responsiveness - ANSWER Tap on shoulder and ask "Are you okay?", doesn't respond then call 9-1-1 and provide care AVPU Scale - ANSWER Alert Verbal - Response to verbal Painful - Responses to pain Unresponsive Initial Assessment Steps - ANSWER 1. Check for responsiveness and normal breathing 2. Unresponsive - Call 9-1-1, if unresponsive and not breathing provide BLS 3. Breathing - Check for severe bleeding and other threats 4. Care for life threatening conditions Recovery Position - ANSWER Keeps airway open, allows fluids to drain, prevents from inhaling stomach contents HAINES High Arm IN Endangered Spine Extend arms over victim's head, position arm closest to you over victim's chest, bend victim's leg closest to you at the knee, put forearm under victim's shoulder while supporting the neck and carefully roll, bend both legs and open mouth SAMPLE - ANSWER Signs and symptoms Allergies Medications Previous problems Last food or drink Events Physical Exam - ANSWER Head to toe DOTS Deformities Open injuries and wounds Tenderness Swelling Universal sign of choking - ANSWER Hands around the throat Choking care for Responsive Adult and Child - ANSWER 1. Consent 2. 9-1-1 3. Stand behind with one leg in between theirs 4. Locate navel, create fist with hand above navel 5. Grasp fist with other hand and thrust inward and upward Choking care for Responsive Infant - ANSWER 1. 5 back blows 2. Check for expelled object 3. 5 chest thrusts 4. Continue cycle, if alone call 9-1-1 after 1 minute Effects of blood loss - ANSWER causes a decrease in oxygen supply to the body; blood pressure drops; heart pumps faster to compensate for the decreased volume and BP; body will attempt to clot the blood to halt bleeding; usually requiring 6-7 minutes; uncontrolled, bleeding can result in shock and death Class 1 blood loss - ANSWER Up to 15% Class 2 blood loss - ANSWER 15-30% Class 3 blood loss - ANSWER 30-40% At 30% body can no longer compensate Class 4 blood loss - ANSWER 40% Types of External Bleeding - ANSWER 1. Arterial 2. Venous 3. Capillary Controlling bleeding - ANSWER Apply direct pressure and raise above the head Symptoms of internal bleeding - ANSWER Abdomen - tender, swollen, bruised, hard Blood vomited or present in urine or stool Cool, clammy skin, pale, ashen, or bluish Thirst Confusion or lightheadness Shock - Severe blood loss - ANSWER Not enough oxygen-rich blood reaching organs, life-threatening, may develop quickly or gradually Common Types of Shock - ANSWER 1. Hypovolemic 2. Cardiogenic 3. Neurogenic 4. Anaphylactic First Aid for Shock - ANSWER 1. Check responsiveness 2. Call 9-1-1 3. Lie on back 4. Feet 6-12" above ground First Aid for Anaphylactic Shock - ANSWER 1. Call 9-1-1 2. Help administer epi-pen What shouldn't you use to clean a wound? - ANSWER Never use alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, or iodine Types of Open Wounds - ANSWER Abrasions, Lacerations, Punctures, Avulsions, Amputations, Burns Scalp Wound W/O Fracture First Aid - ANSWER 1. Replace any skin flaps, cover with dressing 2. Use direct pressure to control bleeding 3. Roller or triangle bandage around head to secure dressing Blow to Eye - ANSWER 1. If eye is bleeding or leaking fluids - CALL 911 2. Cold pack with barrier (up to 15 min) 3. Lie still, cover uninjured eye 4. Seek medical attention Ear Injuries - ANSWER 1. Clear fluid or watery blood from the ear could mean skull fracture - call 911 2. Help vic sit up, tilting affect ear lower to let blood or other fluid drain 3. Cover ear with loose sterile dressing - No pressure 4. Medical attention Teeth and Mouth Injuries - ANSWER Bleeding, control with direct pressure. Knocked out teeth can be replanted. Priority of first aid is keeping airway open and controlling bleeding Knocked out teeth - ANSWER 1. Vic sit still, titled forward to allow blood to drain 2. Rinse with tap water or saline