Psych 115 Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass

Psych 115 Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass This type of declarative memory stores information about events in the past. - Answer- What is episodic memory? This technique to memorize long strings of information was used by Cicero, a lawyer from Ancient Rome. - Answer- What is "Memory Castle"? These kinds of memories are not dependent upon the hippocampus - Answer- What is nondeclarative/procedural memory (skill learning, priming, or conditioning)? This kind of memory for facts and information is not tied to any specific time or place. - Answer- What is semantic memory? Patient HM exhibited these two types of amnesia. - Answer- What is anterograde amnesia and temporally graded retrograde amnesia. Lesions in the hippocampus do not impair remote memories, but do impair these kinds of memories. - Answer- What are recent memories? Hippocampal lesions do not impair fear conditioning to auditory cues, but do impair this kind of conditioning. - Answer- What is context conditioning? This behavioral technique can be used to assess declarative memory in primates - Answer- What is the delayed non-match to sample (DNMS) task? in the delayed non-match to sample (DNMS) task in primates, lesions in this brain region impairs long delays. - Answer- What is the hippocampus? In the delayed non-match to sample (DNMS) task in primates, lesions in this brain region impairs short delays. - Answer- What is the prefrontal cortex? The hippocampus is necessary for this kind of memory - Answer- What is declarative memory (episodic and semantic)? This subregion of the hippocampus is involved in pattern completion. - Answer- What is the CA3 region? This highly organized circuit is revealed by a transverse cross section of the hippocampus, composed of three connections. - Answer- What is the tri-synaptic loop? This subregion of the hippocampus is involved in pattern separation. - Answer- What is the dentate gyrus? These cells are one of the two neural populations in the mammalian brain that undergoes adult neurogenesis. - Answer- What are dentate granule cells? The opposite of long-term potentiation (LTP) reduces the size of the stimulus response. - Answer- What is long-term depression (LTD)? This type of stimulus frequency results in long-term potentiation. - Answer- What is high- frequency stimulus (or HFS or 100 Hz)? This type of receptor functions as a coincidence detector and is important for LTP. - Answer- What are NMDA receptors? In LTP (Long-term Potentiation), this transcription factor activates the expression of genes which results in proteins that build new dendritic spines. - Answer- What is CREB? Much research on LTP/LTD has been based on this bundle of axons which connects hippocampus region CA3 to CA1. - Answer- What are Schaefer collaterals? Each place cell fires when the animal visits this preferred location. - Answer- What is the cell's place field? When contextual cues rotate, place cell firing patterns re-orient themselves in this way. - Answer- What is place cell firing pattern rotation? This kind of "heat map" has hot colors which indicate areas of high firing and cool colors which indicate areas of low firing. - Answer- What is a firing rate map? Border cells and grid cells are located in this brain region. - Answer- What is the entorhinal cortex? When a place cell fires, it bursts rhythmically at this rhythm. - Answer- What is the theta rhythm (or 8 Hz)? Rats with hippocampal lesions are impaired at this memory task. - Answer- What is the Morris Water Maze? The principal cell populations of the hippocampus release this kind of neurotransmitter. - Answer- What is glutamate? This projection connects the dentate granule cells to CA3 pyramida