Psych 115 Final Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass

Psych 115 Final Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass How does facial somatosensatory information enter the brain? - Answer- through cranial rather than spinal nerves dermatome - Answer- area of skin innervated by a single spinal nerve How is the spinal cord subdivided? - Answer- cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal What protects the spinal cord? - Answer- bony vertebrae and the meninges ventral roots - Answer- carry motor commands out of the spinal cord to the muscles dorsal roots - Answer- sensory information into spinal cord from the body somatosensation - Answer- deals w our sense of touch, temperature, pain and knowledge of body position (proprioception) intracranial self stimulation (ICSS) - Answer- rats will press lever to electrically stimulate the nucleus accumbens, causing a surge of dopamine release in this region that is v reinforcing functional magnetic resonance imaging - Answer- detects small changes in brain metabolism, such as oxygen use, in active brain areas via the state of hemoglobin in blood called the BOLD signal positron emission tomography - Answer- radioactive ligands are injected into the bloodstream; person engages in a task while records which areas of the brain become more active and by how much DREADD - Answer- designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drugs sufficiency - Answer- is the behavior produced when the neurons are artificially stimulated, even under conditions where the behavior would not naturally occur; if so then neurons are sufficient to produce the behavior serotonergic 5HT signaling - Answer- seven families; all metabotropic except for 5HT3 is ligand second messenger - Answer- amplifies the effects of the G protein and may lead to changes in membrane potential What is behavioral neuroscience? - Answer- study of neural bases of psychological processes and behavior What is neuroscience? - Answer- the study of the nervous system What are the historical views on the brain? - Answer- heart and gut thought to control emotions, brain as cooling system (Aristotle); head damage resulted in behavior changes (Galen); different regions connected to different body areas (Da Vinci); electricity and muscle movement What is dualism? - Answer- the belief that the mind and body are different kinds of substance that exist independently; nonphysical mind and a physical brain What is empiricism? - Answer- testing of ideas through direct observation and experimental manipulation rather than intuition What is phrenology? - Answer- developed by Franz Gall, idea that each of the 35 different "faculties" of emotion and intellect are located in a precise area of the brain; said to be able to determine personality by feeling the bumps on the head What is functional localization? - Answer- idea that specific areas of the brain carry out specific functions How was the idea of functional localization developed? - Answer- lesion studies, phineas gage and paul broca's studies What are some popular metaphors about the brain? - Answer- functions hydraulically, thoughts are produced by a tiny mechanical motion in the brain, brain is like a telephone switchboard, like a computer What are the levels of analysis in behavioral neuroscience? - Answer- social l