306 exam 2 Questions & Answers(GRADED A+)

adrenergic agonist - ANSWERa drug that stimulates the adrenergic receptors of the sympathetic nervous system, either directly (by reacting with receptor sites) or indirectly (by increasing norepinephrine levels) alpha-agonist - ANSWERspecifically stimulating to the alpha-receptors within the sympathetic nervous system, causing body responses seen when the alpha-receptors are stimulated beta-agonist - ANSWERspecifically stimulating to the beta-receptors within the sympathetic nervous system, causing body responses seen when the beta-receptors are stimulated glycogenolysis - ANSWERbreakdown of stored glucose to increase the blood glucose levels sympathomimetic - ANSWERdrug that mimics the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) with the signs and symptoms seen when the SNS is stimulated Adrenergic receptor-site specificity - ANSWERa drug's affinity for only adrenergic receptor sites; certain drugs may have specific affinity for only alpha- or only beta-adrenergic receptor sites alpha1-selective adrenergic blocking agents - ANSWERdrugs that block the postsynaptic alpha1-receptor sites, causing a decrease in vascular tone and a vasodilation that leads to a fall in blood pressure; these drugs do not block the presynaptic alpha2-receptor sites, and therefore the reflex tachycardia that accompanies a fall in blood pressure does not occur beta-adrenergic blocking agents - ANSWERdrugs that, at therapeutic levels, selectively block the beta-receptors of the sympathetic nervous system beta1-selective adrenergic blocking agents - ANSWERdrugs that, at therapeutic levels, specifically block the beta1-receptors in the sympathetic nervous system while not blocking the beta2-receptors and resultant effects on the respiratory system bronchodilation - ANSWERrelaxation of smooth muscle in the bronchioles, widening the airway Pheochromocytoma - ANSWERa tumor of the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla that periodically releases large amounts of norepinephrine and epinephrine into the system with resultant severe hypertension and tachycardia sympatholytic - ANSWERa drug that lyses, or blocks, the effects of the sympathetic nervous system acetylcholinesterase - ANSWERenzyme that breaks down acetylcholine when released from the nerve ending; prevents overstimulation of cholinergic receptor sites alzheimer disease - ANSWERa degenerative disease of the cortex with loss of acetylcholine-producing cells and cholinergic receptors; characterized by progressive dementia cholinergic agonists - ANSWERresponding to acetylcholine; refers to receptor sites stimulated by acetylcholine, as well as neurons that release acetylcholine miosis - ANSWERconstriction of the pupil; relieves intraocular pressure in some types of glaucoma myasthenia gravis - ANSWERautoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by antibpdies to cholinergic receptor sites leading to destruction of the receptor sites and decreased response at the neuromuscular junction; it is progressive and debilitating. leading to paralysis nerve gas - ANSWERirreversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used in warfare to cause paralysis and death by prolonged muscle contraction and parasympathetic crisis parasympathomimetic - ANSWERmimicking the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system, leading to bradycardia, hypotension, pupil constriction, increased GI secretions and activity, increased bladder tone, relaxation of sphincters, and bronchoconstriction The instructor determines that teaching about adrenergic drugs has been successful when the class identifies the drugs as also being called a. sympatholytic agents. b. choli