ANSC 2210 Midterm Questions with Complete
Solutions
What welfare questions is there often little agreement on? Correct
Answer-- which practices reduce welfare the most
- which practices should be replaced, improved or banned
What is ethics dictionary definition Correct Answer-the discipline
dealing with what is good and bad and with moral duty and obligation
What is ethics simple definition Correct Answer-how we ought to
behave
what is a moral view and how do we justify it Correct Answer-it is more
than a feeling or expression of personal taste-- need to provide a good
reason to justify it
moral (or ethical) duties (or obligations) may be Correct Answer-direct
or indirect
what is a direct moral duty in terms of animals Correct Answer-animals
have moral standing & are members of our moral community
what is indirect moral duty in terms of animals Correct Answer-animals
do not have moral standing & are not members of our moral community
,what are the 5 animal welfare philosophies Correct Answer--
contractarian view
- utilitarian view
- animal rights view
- relational view
- respect for nature view
what is the contractarian view Correct Answer-- morality based on
contract/agreement between individuals
- based on self interest
- morality only applies to indiv's who can enter into an agreement &
keep it
- moral obligations towards animals based on how much they matter to
other humans
- good treatment of ani's may be contingent on agreement between
humans
what is mutual cooperation Correct Answer-treating others well means
you will be treated well in return
animals included or excluded from moral community (contract view)
Correct Answer-excluded -- bc they cannot enter 'agreement'
indirect or direct moral obligations (contract view) Correct Answer-
indirect -- if ani doesnt matter to a human: no obligation
,ex of what view: neighbour who doesnt like cats looks after ur cat bc ur
cat matters to u Correct Answer-contractarian view
what is the utilitarian view Correct Answer-- morality based on
consequences
- human actions should produce best possible consequences (max
pleasure, min pain)
- practice that causes suffering is acceptable as long as suffering
outweighed by pleasure generated -- suffering & pleasure considered for
human & ani
- killing acceptable under certain conditions
animals included or excluded from moral community (utilit view)
Correct Answer-included -- bc they can have pleasure & pain
what is the animal rights view Correct Answer-- morality based on rights
that should be protected -- right to life & liberty
- humans & ani's have inherent value
- inherent value cant be used in calculations abt consequences
- killing NOT morally acceptable -- only in self defense
animals included or excluded from moral community (ani rights view)
Correct Answer-included -- bc they are sentient beings like humans
, what is the relational view Correct Answer-- 'ethics of care': causing
suffering is wrong bc demonstrates lack of care
- duties to ani's based on emotional relations to them -- whether they are
close to us or not
- humans can feel sympathy for suffering of ani's
- humans may be concerned abt ani's bc of negative effect that poor
treatment of ani's may have on other humans
humans may have special moral obligations toward Correct Answer--
domestic ani's bc they are responsible for their existence & 'natures'
- some wild ani's when they have interfered w their natural habitat
ex of what view: australia bushfires attracted lots of attention from
media to koala bears to be rescued bc they are cute but other ani's like
snakes & scorpions likely not rescued Correct Answer-relational view
what is the respect for nature view Correct Answer-- moral concerns
may be based on potential extinction of species
- a species has value in itself & deserves to be protected -- from
extinction & artificial alteration
- domestic ani's may be considered less valuable than wild ani's
ex of what view: against the rapid growth of production chickens over
the years Correct Answer-respect for nature view
Solutions
What welfare questions is there often little agreement on? Correct
Answer-- which practices reduce welfare the most
- which practices should be replaced, improved or banned
What is ethics dictionary definition Correct Answer-the discipline
dealing with what is good and bad and with moral duty and obligation
What is ethics simple definition Correct Answer-how we ought to
behave
what is a moral view and how do we justify it Correct Answer-it is more
than a feeling or expression of personal taste-- need to provide a good
reason to justify it
moral (or ethical) duties (or obligations) may be Correct Answer-direct
or indirect
what is a direct moral duty in terms of animals Correct Answer-animals
have moral standing & are members of our moral community
what is indirect moral duty in terms of animals Correct Answer-animals
do not have moral standing & are not members of our moral community
,what are the 5 animal welfare philosophies Correct Answer--
contractarian view
- utilitarian view
- animal rights view
- relational view
- respect for nature view
what is the contractarian view Correct Answer-- morality based on
contract/agreement between individuals
- based on self interest
- morality only applies to indiv's who can enter into an agreement &
keep it
- moral obligations towards animals based on how much they matter to
other humans
- good treatment of ani's may be contingent on agreement between
humans
what is mutual cooperation Correct Answer-treating others well means
you will be treated well in return
animals included or excluded from moral community (contract view)
Correct Answer-excluded -- bc they cannot enter 'agreement'
indirect or direct moral obligations (contract view) Correct Answer-
indirect -- if ani doesnt matter to a human: no obligation
,ex of what view: neighbour who doesnt like cats looks after ur cat bc ur
cat matters to u Correct Answer-contractarian view
what is the utilitarian view Correct Answer-- morality based on
consequences
- human actions should produce best possible consequences (max
pleasure, min pain)
- practice that causes suffering is acceptable as long as suffering
outweighed by pleasure generated -- suffering & pleasure considered for
human & ani
- killing acceptable under certain conditions
animals included or excluded from moral community (utilit view)
Correct Answer-included -- bc they can have pleasure & pain
what is the animal rights view Correct Answer-- morality based on rights
that should be protected -- right to life & liberty
- humans & ani's have inherent value
- inherent value cant be used in calculations abt consequences
- killing NOT morally acceptable -- only in self defense
animals included or excluded from moral community (ani rights view)
Correct Answer-included -- bc they are sentient beings like humans
, what is the relational view Correct Answer-- 'ethics of care': causing
suffering is wrong bc demonstrates lack of care
- duties to ani's based on emotional relations to them -- whether they are
close to us or not
- humans can feel sympathy for suffering of ani's
- humans may be concerned abt ani's bc of negative effect that poor
treatment of ani's may have on other humans
humans may have special moral obligations toward Correct Answer--
domestic ani's bc they are responsible for their existence & 'natures'
- some wild ani's when they have interfered w their natural habitat
ex of what view: australia bushfires attracted lots of attention from
media to koala bears to be rescued bc they are cute but other ani's like
snakes & scorpions likely not rescued Correct Answer-relational view
what is the respect for nature view Correct Answer-- moral concerns
may be based on potential extinction of species
- a species has value in itself & deserves to be protected -- from
extinction & artificial alteration
- domestic ani's may be considered less valuable than wild ani's
ex of what view: against the rapid growth of production chickens over
the years Correct Answer-respect for nature view
