CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY – SUMMARY
2024 – 2025
Professor: Philippe Maurice EISELEIN
Made by: Margot De Munck
1
,Contents
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY – SUMMARY ................................................. 1
2024 – 2025 ....................................................................................................................... 1
.......................................................................................................................................... 1
Corporate Social Responsibility ............................................................................................. 7
1. Chapter 1: Definitions and meaning: .............................................................................. 7
1.1 The theory on CSR:................................................................................................ 7
1.2 Terms for CSR ....................................................................................................... 7
1.3 A. Dahlsrud-Paper.................................................................................................. 8
1.3.1 Dimensions .................................................................................................... 8
1.3.2 Definition – refers: ......................................................................................... 8
1.3.3 According to the European Commission: What is CSR? ................................. 8
1.3.4 Pay attention to: (in the article) ....................................................................... 8
1.4 Definition CSR ...................................................................................................... 9
1.4.1 Key responsibilities and components .............................................................. 9
1.4.2 Proposed definition......................................................................................... 9
1.4.3 Benefits of CSR.............................................................................................10
1.4.4 Relevance and concept ..................................................................................10
1.5 What if… (non discussed) .....................................................................................11
1.6 Extra: historical review (min 1:00:00 – class 1) .....................................................11
1.6.1 Early CSR Forms (20th Century) ...................................................................12
1.6.2 Caroll’s CSR Pyramid (1979) ........................................................................14
1.6.3 Strategic CSR and corporate objectives (1990’s) ...........................................15
1.6.4 Contemporary CSR: Aligning Social Goals with strategy ..............................16
1.6.5 The rise of sustainability ................................................................................16
1.6.6 A small reflection… ......................................................................................17
1.7 Comments: ............................................................................................................17
1.8 Case study: TRIDOS BANK .................................................................................18
1.8.1 Background ...................................................................................................18
1.8.2 Discussion questions .....................................................................................18
1.8.3 Background ...................................................................................................18
1.8.4 Discussion questions - answers ......................................................................19
1.8.5 What did we learn last time – Recap class 2 from class 1 ...............................20
2. Chapter 2: CSR and Stakeholder Theories.....................................................................23
2.1 Four theoretical perspectives .................................................................................23
2.1.1 Instrumental theory........................................................................................23
2.1.2 Political theory: .............................................................................................23
2
, 2.1.3 Integrative theory: .........................................................................................24
2.1.4 Ethical theory: ...............................................................................................24
2.1.5 Which one do you consider as most important theory/perspective? ................25
2.1.6 Strength and weaknesses of 4 theories ...........................................................25
2.1.7 Exam question on deciding between the right theory .....................................26
2.1.8 Stakeholders engagement ..............................................................................27
2.2 Stakeholder Theoretical Perspectives ....................................................................27
2.2.1 Freeman’s Stakeholder Theory 1984 .............................................................27
2.2.2 Clarkson – 1995 ............................................................................................29
2.2.3 Common characteristics Freeman and Clarkson .............................................29
2.2.4 Rowley – 1977 ..............................................................................................29
2.2.5 Mitchell, Agle and Wood’s Model of Stakeholder Salience – 1997................30
2.2.6 Frooman’s Typology of Influence Strategies – 1999 ......................................31
2.2.7 Jawahar & McLaughlin – 2001 ......................................................................31
2.2.8 Hart & Sharma’s - 2004.................................................................................32
2.2.9 Sethi – 1979 ..................................................................................................34
2.2.10 Frederick’s - 2006 .........................................................................................35
2.2.11 Harrison, Bosse, Phillips – 2010 ....................................................................35
2.2.12 Clarkson’s Principles – 1995 .........................................................................36
2.2.13 Normative, Descriptive, Instrumental Stakeholder Theory .............................36
2.2.14 Conclusion table all theories (self-made) .......................................................38
2.3 Recap class 2.........................................................................................................39
2.3.1 CSR could be considered from four theoretical perspectives. Which ones? ....39
2.3.2 CSR has evolved and managing stakeholders has become an art. Which models
may you use to identify, prioritize, manage or engage stakeholders? .............................40
3. Theoretical Foundations and communication of CSR ....................................................42
3.1 CSR Strategies and Risk........................................................................................42
3.1.1 Organizational Risks: ....................................................................................42
3.1.2 Relational Risks ............................................................................................44
3.1.3 Mitigation Strategies for CSR Risks – applying generic principles ................45
3.2 Communicating CSR ............................................................................................47
3.2.1 Crucial role of CSR communicating ..............................................................47
3.2.2 Channels for CSR communicating .................................................................48
3.2.3 What is GRI ..................................................................................................49
3.2.4 What is CSRD ...............................................................................................55
3.2.5 ESG Definition and Scope .............................................................................56
3.2.6 Navigating the minefield of CSR Communications ........................................61
3
, 3.3 What social enterprises can teach corporates .........................................................62
3.3.1 Communication for social enterprises ............................................................62
4. Case Study - Unilever’s Sustainability Plan (Group Work) ...........................................66
4.1 Paper – ChatGPT – Summary................................................................................66
4.1.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................66
4.1.2 Major Issues in Unilever ................................................................................66
4.1.3 Action been Taken to Achieve the Goals .......................................................67
4.1.4 Shortfalls of Unilever’s Strategy ....................................................................68
4.1.5 Alternative Solution of this New Strategy ......................................................69
4.1.6 Conclusion ....................................................................................................69
4.2 Class – Discussion and Answers ...........................................................................70
4.2.1 Strategy and Purpose .....................................................................................70
4.2.2 Social Impact and Human Rights ...................................................................71
4.2.3 Environmental Sustainability and Sourcing ...................................................73
5. Pitching ........................................................................................................................74
5.1 Why do we pitch ...................................................................................................74
5.1.1 To who are we pitch ......................................................................................74
5.1.2 Why are you pitching ....................................................................................74
5.1.3 Ask yourself ..................................................................................................74
5.1.4 Good versus Bad ...........................................................................................74
5.1.5 Pitching heuristics .........................................................................................75
5.1.6 Dealing with unreasonable people .................................................................76
5.1.7 What if you’re uncomfortable ........................................................................76
5.2 Needs – Approach - Benefits .................................................................................77
6. Social Entrepreneurship: ...............................................................................................78
6.1 Introduction / Concept ...........................................................................................78
6.2 Social Entrepreneurship ........................................................................................79
6.2.1 Link between social entrepreneurship and CSR .............................................79
6.2.2 Theoretical nuances of social entrepreneurship ..............................................80
6.2.3 Variety of Social Entrepreneurs on the For-Profit vs Non-Profit Spectrum ....81
6.3 Typology of S.E. ...................................................................................................84
6.3.1 Nine fundamental business models of social entrepreneurs (Alter, 2007) .......85
6.4 Social Entrepreneurs & measuring their impact .....................................................87
6.4.1 Social Impact Assessment .............................................................................87
6.4.2 Three pillars of SE theory of change ..............................................................87
6.4.3 Impact Value Chain .......................................................................................87
6.5 Developing a Social Business plan ........................................................................88
4
2024 – 2025
Professor: Philippe Maurice EISELEIN
Made by: Margot De Munck
1
,Contents
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY – SUMMARY ................................................. 1
2024 – 2025 ....................................................................................................................... 1
.......................................................................................................................................... 1
Corporate Social Responsibility ............................................................................................. 7
1. Chapter 1: Definitions and meaning: .............................................................................. 7
1.1 The theory on CSR:................................................................................................ 7
1.2 Terms for CSR ....................................................................................................... 7
1.3 A. Dahlsrud-Paper.................................................................................................. 8
1.3.1 Dimensions .................................................................................................... 8
1.3.2 Definition – refers: ......................................................................................... 8
1.3.3 According to the European Commission: What is CSR? ................................. 8
1.3.4 Pay attention to: (in the article) ....................................................................... 8
1.4 Definition CSR ...................................................................................................... 9
1.4.1 Key responsibilities and components .............................................................. 9
1.4.2 Proposed definition......................................................................................... 9
1.4.3 Benefits of CSR.............................................................................................10
1.4.4 Relevance and concept ..................................................................................10
1.5 What if… (non discussed) .....................................................................................11
1.6 Extra: historical review (min 1:00:00 – class 1) .....................................................11
1.6.1 Early CSR Forms (20th Century) ...................................................................12
1.6.2 Caroll’s CSR Pyramid (1979) ........................................................................14
1.6.3 Strategic CSR and corporate objectives (1990’s) ...........................................15
1.6.4 Contemporary CSR: Aligning Social Goals with strategy ..............................16
1.6.5 The rise of sustainability ................................................................................16
1.6.6 A small reflection… ......................................................................................17
1.7 Comments: ............................................................................................................17
1.8 Case study: TRIDOS BANK .................................................................................18
1.8.1 Background ...................................................................................................18
1.8.2 Discussion questions .....................................................................................18
1.8.3 Background ...................................................................................................18
1.8.4 Discussion questions - answers ......................................................................19
1.8.5 What did we learn last time – Recap class 2 from class 1 ...............................20
2. Chapter 2: CSR and Stakeholder Theories.....................................................................23
2.1 Four theoretical perspectives .................................................................................23
2.1.1 Instrumental theory........................................................................................23
2.1.2 Political theory: .............................................................................................23
2
, 2.1.3 Integrative theory: .........................................................................................24
2.1.4 Ethical theory: ...............................................................................................24
2.1.5 Which one do you consider as most important theory/perspective? ................25
2.1.6 Strength and weaknesses of 4 theories ...........................................................25
2.1.7 Exam question on deciding between the right theory .....................................26
2.1.8 Stakeholders engagement ..............................................................................27
2.2 Stakeholder Theoretical Perspectives ....................................................................27
2.2.1 Freeman’s Stakeholder Theory 1984 .............................................................27
2.2.2 Clarkson – 1995 ............................................................................................29
2.2.3 Common characteristics Freeman and Clarkson .............................................29
2.2.4 Rowley – 1977 ..............................................................................................29
2.2.5 Mitchell, Agle and Wood’s Model of Stakeholder Salience – 1997................30
2.2.6 Frooman’s Typology of Influence Strategies – 1999 ......................................31
2.2.7 Jawahar & McLaughlin – 2001 ......................................................................31
2.2.8 Hart & Sharma’s - 2004.................................................................................32
2.2.9 Sethi – 1979 ..................................................................................................34
2.2.10 Frederick’s - 2006 .........................................................................................35
2.2.11 Harrison, Bosse, Phillips – 2010 ....................................................................35
2.2.12 Clarkson’s Principles – 1995 .........................................................................36
2.2.13 Normative, Descriptive, Instrumental Stakeholder Theory .............................36
2.2.14 Conclusion table all theories (self-made) .......................................................38
2.3 Recap class 2.........................................................................................................39
2.3.1 CSR could be considered from four theoretical perspectives. Which ones? ....39
2.3.2 CSR has evolved and managing stakeholders has become an art. Which models
may you use to identify, prioritize, manage or engage stakeholders? .............................40
3. Theoretical Foundations and communication of CSR ....................................................42
3.1 CSR Strategies and Risk........................................................................................42
3.1.1 Organizational Risks: ....................................................................................42
3.1.2 Relational Risks ............................................................................................44
3.1.3 Mitigation Strategies for CSR Risks – applying generic principles ................45
3.2 Communicating CSR ............................................................................................47
3.2.1 Crucial role of CSR communicating ..............................................................47
3.2.2 Channels for CSR communicating .................................................................48
3.2.3 What is GRI ..................................................................................................49
3.2.4 What is CSRD ...............................................................................................55
3.2.5 ESG Definition and Scope .............................................................................56
3.2.6 Navigating the minefield of CSR Communications ........................................61
3
, 3.3 What social enterprises can teach corporates .........................................................62
3.3.1 Communication for social enterprises ............................................................62
4. Case Study - Unilever’s Sustainability Plan (Group Work) ...........................................66
4.1 Paper – ChatGPT – Summary................................................................................66
4.1.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................66
4.1.2 Major Issues in Unilever ................................................................................66
4.1.3 Action been Taken to Achieve the Goals .......................................................67
4.1.4 Shortfalls of Unilever’s Strategy ....................................................................68
4.1.5 Alternative Solution of this New Strategy ......................................................69
4.1.6 Conclusion ....................................................................................................69
4.2 Class – Discussion and Answers ...........................................................................70
4.2.1 Strategy and Purpose .....................................................................................70
4.2.2 Social Impact and Human Rights ...................................................................71
4.2.3 Environmental Sustainability and Sourcing ...................................................73
5. Pitching ........................................................................................................................74
5.1 Why do we pitch ...................................................................................................74
5.1.1 To who are we pitch ......................................................................................74
5.1.2 Why are you pitching ....................................................................................74
5.1.3 Ask yourself ..................................................................................................74
5.1.4 Good versus Bad ...........................................................................................74
5.1.5 Pitching heuristics .........................................................................................75
5.1.6 Dealing with unreasonable people .................................................................76
5.1.7 What if you’re uncomfortable ........................................................................76
5.2 Needs – Approach - Benefits .................................................................................77
6. Social Entrepreneurship: ...............................................................................................78
6.1 Introduction / Concept ...........................................................................................78
6.2 Social Entrepreneurship ........................................................................................79
6.2.1 Link between social entrepreneurship and CSR .............................................79
6.2.2 Theoretical nuances of social entrepreneurship ..............................................80
6.2.3 Variety of Social Entrepreneurs on the For-Profit vs Non-Profit Spectrum ....81
6.3 Typology of S.E. ...................................................................................................84
6.3.1 Nine fundamental business models of social entrepreneurs (Alter, 2007) .......85
6.4 Social Entrepreneurs & measuring their impact .....................................................87
6.4.1 Social Impact Assessment .............................................................................87
6.4.2 Three pillars of SE theory of change ..............................................................87
6.4.3 Impact Value Chain .......................................................................................87
6.5 Developing a Social Business plan ........................................................................88
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