NUR N179 HESI CRITICAL CARE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS RATIONALES LATEST UPDATE 2022

• A client who is taking clonidine (Catapres, Duraclon) reports drowsiness. Which additionalassessment should the nurse make? • Has the client experienced constipation recently? • Did the client miss any doses of the medication? • How long has the client been taking the medication? Correct • Does the client use any tobacco products? Drowsiness can occur in the early weeks of treatment with clonidine and with continued use becomes less intense, so the length of time the client has been on the medication (A) provides information to direct additional instruction. (B, C, and D) are not relevant. • A client with asthma receives a prescription for high blood pressure during a clinic visit. Which prescription should the nurse anticipate the client to receive that is least likely toexacerbate asthma? • Carteolol (Ocupress). • Propranolol hydrochloride (Inderal). • Pindolol (Visken). Incorrect • Metoprolol tartrate (Lopressor). Correct The best antihypertensive agent for clients with asthma is metoprolol (Lopressor) (C), a beta2 blocking agent which is also cardioselective and less likely to cause bronchoconstriction. Pindolol (A) is a beta2 blocker that can cause bronchoconstriction and increase asthmatic symptoms. Although carteolol (B) is a beta blocking agent and an effective antihypertensive agent used in managing angina, it can increase a client's risk for bronchoconstriction due to its nonselective beta blocker action. Propranolol (D) also blocks the beta2 receptors in the lungs, causing bronchoconstriction, and is not indicated in clients with asthma and other obstructive pulmonary disorders. • A male client who has been taking propranolol (Inderal) for 18 months tells the nurse that the healthcare provider discontinued the medication because his blood pressure has been normal for the past three months. Which instruction should the nurse provide? • Obtain another antihypertensive prescription to avoid withdrawal symptoms. • Stop the medication and keep an accurate record of blood pressure. • Report any uncomfortable symptoms after stopping the medication. • Ask the healthcare provider about tapering the drug dose over the next week. Correct Although the healthcare provider discontinued the propranolol, measures to prevent rebound cardiac excitation, such as progressively reducing the dose over one to two weeks (C), should be recommended to prevent rebound tachycardia, hypertension, and ventricular dysrhythmias. Abrupt cessation (A and B) of the beta-blocking agent may precipitate tachycardia and rebound hypertension, so gradual weaning should be recommended. (D) is not indicated.