RN PHARMACOLOGY 2024 UPDATE
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS [ALL PASSED] OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT
GRADE A+
A nurse is teaching a client who is beginning a course of metronidazole to treat an infection. For which
of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to stop taking metronidazole
and notify the provider?
A. metallic taste
B.Nausea
C.Ataxia
D.Dark-colored urine
C. Ataxia, tremors, paresthesias of the extremities, and seizures are manifestations of CNS toxicity. The
client should stop taking the medication and notify the provider if any of these effects occur.
A nurse is teaching a client who has active tuberculosis about his treatment regimen. The client asks
why he must take four different medications. Which of the following
responses should the nurse make?
A."Four medications decrease the risk for a severe allergic reaction"
B."Four medications r
educe the chance that the bacteria will become resistant."
C."Four medications r
educe the risk for adverse reactions"
D."Four medications decrease the chance of having a positive tuberculin skin test.
B. If the client took only one medication to treat active
tuberculosis, resistance to the medication would occur quickly. Taking three or four medications
decreases the possibility of resistance.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for combination oral NRTIs (abacavir,
lamivudine, and
zidovudine) for treatment of hIV. Which of the following statements
,should the nurse include?
A."These medications work by blocking hIV entry into cells."
B."These medications work
by weakening the cell
wall of the hIV virus."
C."These medications work
by inhibiting enzymes to prevent hIV replication."
D."These medications work by preventing protein synthesis within the hIV cell."
C. The NRTI antiretroviral medications
this client takes work by inhibiting the enzyme reverse
transcriptase and preventing
hIV replication
A nurse is caring for a client who takes several antiretroviral medications, including the NRTI
zidovudine, to treat
hIV infection. The nurse should monitor for which
of the following adverse effects of zidovudine? (Select all that apply.)
A.Fatigue
B.Blurred vision
C.Ataxia
D. hyperventilation
E.Vomiting
A. Fatigue is a manifestation of anemia, an adverse effect of
zidovudine. Neutropenia can also occur, causing a high risk for infection
D.hyperventilation is a finding that can occur if the client develops lactic acidosis, a serious adverse
effect of zidovudine.
E. Vomiting and other GI effects
are adverse effects of zidovudine
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking ritonavir, a protease
inhibitor, to treat
hIV infection. The nurse should monitor for
which of the following adverse effects of this medication?
,A.Increased TSh level
B.Decreased ALT level
C. hypoglycemia
D. hyperlipidemia
D.hyperlipidemia with increased cholesterol and
triglyceride levels can occur as an adverse effect of ritonavir
A nurse is caring for a client who has
a new prescription for enfuvirtide to treat
hIV infection. The nurse
should monitor the client for which of the adverse reactions of this medication? (Select all that apply.)
A.Bleeding
B.Pneumonia
C.Cerebral edema
D.Localized erythema
E. hypotension
B. Bacterial pneumonia with fever, cough, and
difficulty breathing are manifestations of an adverse reaction to
enfuvirtide. The nurse should assess breath sounds regularly
D. Enfuvirtide is administered subcutaneously. Injection-site
reactions, such as pain, redness, itching, and bruising, are common.
E. A systemic allergic reaction can occur when
taking enfuvirtide.
manifestations of hypersensitivity
include rash, hypotension, fever, and chills
A nurse is administering IV
acyclovir to a client who has varicella. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A.Administer a stool softener
B.Decrease fluid intake
following infusion.
, C.Infuse acyclovir over 1 hr
D. monitor for a for hypotension
C. The nurse should administer IV acyclovir
slowly, over at least 1 hr, to prevent nephrotoxicity.
A nurse is teaching a client who is beginning highly active antiretroviral
therapy (HAART) for HIV infection about ways to prevent medication
resistance. Which of the following information should the nurse teach
the client about resistance?
A.Taking low dosages of
antiretroviral medication
minimizes resistance.
B.Taking one antiretroviral
medication at a time
minimizes resistance.
C.Taking medication at the same times daily without missing doses minimizes resistance.
D.Changing the medication
regimen when adverse effects occur minimizes resistance
C. The nurse should emphasize the importance of
taking each dose of medication exactly as prescribed.
missing even a few doses of antiretroviral medication can promote
medication resistance, which can cause treatment failure
A nurse is preparing a client's medications. Which of the following actions should
the nurse take in following legal practice
guidelines? (Select all that apply.)
A.maintain skill competency.
B.Determine the dosage.
C. monitor for adverse effects.
D.Safeguard medications.
E.Identify the client's diagnosis
COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS [ALL PASSED] OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT
GRADE A+
A nurse is teaching a client who is beginning a course of metronidazole to treat an infection. For which
of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to stop taking metronidazole
and notify the provider?
A. metallic taste
B.Nausea
C.Ataxia
D.Dark-colored urine
C. Ataxia, tremors, paresthesias of the extremities, and seizures are manifestations of CNS toxicity. The
client should stop taking the medication and notify the provider if any of these effects occur.
A nurse is teaching a client who has active tuberculosis about his treatment regimen. The client asks
why he must take four different medications. Which of the following
responses should the nurse make?
A."Four medications decrease the risk for a severe allergic reaction"
B."Four medications r
educe the chance that the bacteria will become resistant."
C."Four medications r
educe the risk for adverse reactions"
D."Four medications decrease the chance of having a positive tuberculin skin test.
B. If the client took only one medication to treat active
tuberculosis, resistance to the medication would occur quickly. Taking three or four medications
decreases the possibility of resistance.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for combination oral NRTIs (abacavir,
lamivudine, and
zidovudine) for treatment of hIV. Which of the following statements
,should the nurse include?
A."These medications work by blocking hIV entry into cells."
B."These medications work
by weakening the cell
wall of the hIV virus."
C."These medications work
by inhibiting enzymes to prevent hIV replication."
D."These medications work by preventing protein synthesis within the hIV cell."
C. The NRTI antiretroviral medications
this client takes work by inhibiting the enzyme reverse
transcriptase and preventing
hIV replication
A nurse is caring for a client who takes several antiretroviral medications, including the NRTI
zidovudine, to treat
hIV infection. The nurse should monitor for which
of the following adverse effects of zidovudine? (Select all that apply.)
A.Fatigue
B.Blurred vision
C.Ataxia
D. hyperventilation
E.Vomiting
A. Fatigue is a manifestation of anemia, an adverse effect of
zidovudine. Neutropenia can also occur, causing a high risk for infection
D.hyperventilation is a finding that can occur if the client develops lactic acidosis, a serious adverse
effect of zidovudine.
E. Vomiting and other GI effects
are adverse effects of zidovudine
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking ritonavir, a protease
inhibitor, to treat
hIV infection. The nurse should monitor for
which of the following adverse effects of this medication?
,A.Increased TSh level
B.Decreased ALT level
C. hypoglycemia
D. hyperlipidemia
D.hyperlipidemia with increased cholesterol and
triglyceride levels can occur as an adverse effect of ritonavir
A nurse is caring for a client who has
a new prescription for enfuvirtide to treat
hIV infection. The nurse
should monitor the client for which of the adverse reactions of this medication? (Select all that apply.)
A.Bleeding
B.Pneumonia
C.Cerebral edema
D.Localized erythema
E. hypotension
B. Bacterial pneumonia with fever, cough, and
difficulty breathing are manifestations of an adverse reaction to
enfuvirtide. The nurse should assess breath sounds regularly
D. Enfuvirtide is administered subcutaneously. Injection-site
reactions, such as pain, redness, itching, and bruising, are common.
E. A systemic allergic reaction can occur when
taking enfuvirtide.
manifestations of hypersensitivity
include rash, hypotension, fever, and chills
A nurse is administering IV
acyclovir to a client who has varicella. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A.Administer a stool softener
B.Decrease fluid intake
following infusion.
, C.Infuse acyclovir over 1 hr
D. monitor for a for hypotension
C. The nurse should administer IV acyclovir
slowly, over at least 1 hr, to prevent nephrotoxicity.
A nurse is teaching a client who is beginning highly active antiretroviral
therapy (HAART) for HIV infection about ways to prevent medication
resistance. Which of the following information should the nurse teach
the client about resistance?
A.Taking low dosages of
antiretroviral medication
minimizes resistance.
B.Taking one antiretroviral
medication at a time
minimizes resistance.
C.Taking medication at the same times daily without missing doses minimizes resistance.
D.Changing the medication
regimen when adverse effects occur minimizes resistance
C. The nurse should emphasize the importance of
taking each dose of medication exactly as prescribed.
missing even a few doses of antiretroviral medication can promote
medication resistance, which can cause treatment failure
A nurse is preparing a client's medications. Which of the following actions should
the nurse take in following legal practice
guidelines? (Select all that apply.)
A.maintain skill competency.
B.Determine the dosage.
C. monitor for adverse effects.
D.Safeguard medications.
E.Identify the client's diagnosis
