2024
1860
Nightingales St. Thomas Hospital Training School
1873
3 US hospital based schools NYC, New Haven CT, & Mass General
1886
First school for males 1886
1893: Chicago World's Fair
Isabel Hampton Robb: need for uniformity in training
Nightingale: Need for scientific training
1893: Spanish American War
Typhoid Outbreak
Creation of Nursing Corps
1900
American Journal of Nursing
1917
WWI & Flu epidemic: nurses acting independently
1920
Goldmark Report: Shift to college level education
1923
State exam- NOT standardized
1925
Frontier Nursing Service: Midwives rural US
1933
Great Depression: Care without regard for ability to pay
1943-1948
WWII: 1st Increased need- shortage
1946
Hill-Burton Act: Build Hospitals- more patients- nursing shortage
, 1950
Standardized state exams
1955-1975 Vietnam
Mobile Hospitals
Emergency work: Trachs & Chest Tubes
1960
Increased Doc specialization- shortage of PCPs- increase need for nurses & ARNPs
1965 SSA
Social Security Act: Medicare & Medicaid
1980s
HIV: Universal Precautions
2001- 9/11
Drills for disaster management
2005
Katrina: Increased Preparedness (nope)
2010
ACA! hooray
Crimea War mid-1800s
Nightingale: Reformed military medical
Mary Seacole: Openend hotel 4 injured soldiers- special knowledge of cholera & ID
Civil War 1861-1873: NORTH
Mary Ann Bickerdyke: Field hospital Illinois- clean conditons
Dorothea Dix: Advocate for mentally ill pre-war.
Training Program for women to serve in war.
Clara Barton: Angel of the Battlefield- Virginia
Red Cross
Civil War 1861-1873: SOUTH
Sallie Thompkins: Captain of Calvary
Phoebe Pember: Matron of hospital-
1893 Henry Street Settlement
Lillian Wald: Secured Funds